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Education in the Colonial Period
Noah Webster created the Blue Back Speller. This included US history and spelling different from Britain spelling. Thomas Jefferson had radical view on education. He pushed hard for tax paid public schools. Jefferson was defeated in this task. -
School Attendance in 1837
The Average school attendance for children in 1837 was four months. This was an increase to average schooling thanks to Horace Mann. Horace was Massachusetts first secretary of education. -
Common School
The Bible was highly taught; if you did not obey you were Dammed was the motto. Children were educated enough to read newspaper, Bible and pay their taxes. This was an average of less than 82 days of lifetime schooling -
Growth in the 19th Century
Catherine Beecher founded a college to educate women to become teachers for towns in the West. Schools by now are free public schools for all children as required by Congress. The motto is now "you should work hard and acquire wealth." -
Education growth after the Civil War
After the Civil War was over 4 million Slaves were freed. These slaves all desired education. -
Sarah Roberts VS. Boston
Benjamin Roberts, Sarah's father, wanted his children to go to school in their neighborhood during the time of segregation. Roberts took his case to the State Legislator. Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw ruled against the ending of segregation. -
Progressive Reform Movement
John Dewey believed that schools should be anchored in teaching the whole child. The Progressive Reformist wanted a law that required children to be in school. They wanted to change the dreary school teaching methods and dangerous buildings. -
The Gary Plan
In Gary Indiana, William A Wirt, Super Intendant creates Lavisous buildings for all grades. He wanted a rich environment that explored things kids would be interested in. School became enjoyable. John Highland canceled the Gary Plan for fear of creating factory workers. -
Fair Labor Standards Act
MOST IMPORTANT: By 1910, two million children are working in factories. About 50% of children had an average schooling of five years. 80% of children would rather work then go to school. Then, in 1938, Congress passed the Fair Labor Standards Act.
https://www.dol.gov/whd/childlabor.htm -
Brown VS. Board of Education
MOST IMPORTANT: Oliver Brown, the father of Linda Brown, filed a lawsuit that went to the Supreme Court. The lawsuit argued that segregation was not good for black children. These kids were disadvantaged and not equal. Chief Justice Earl Warren ended Segregation.
http://www.uscourts.gov/educational-resources/educational-activities/history-brown-v-board-education-re-enactment -
Civil Rights Movement
The ruling in 1954 to end segregation was poorly enforced, and most southern states refused to integrate or allowed this decision to be made on the local level. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
MOST IMPORTANT: The bill aims to shorten the achievement gaps between students by providing each child with fair and equal opportunities to achieve an exceptional education. This bill was createdted by Lyndon B. Johnson as part of his "War on Poverty."
http://education.laws.com/elementary-and-secondary-education-act -
A Nation a Risk Report
The report contributed to the ever-growing assertion that American schools were failing, and it touched off a wave of local, state, and federal reform efforts.This was created by President Ronald Reagan. -
The Standards Movement
MOST IMPORTANT: The SBE (standards-based education) reform movement calls for clear, measurable standards for all school students. Rather than norm-referenced rankings, a standards-based system measures each student against the particular standard. Curriculum, assessments, and professional development are aligned to the standards.
http://www.naeducation.org/cs/groups/naedsite/documents/webpage/naed_080866.pdf -
The No Child Left Behind Act
MOST IMPORTANT: The No Child Left Behind law—the 2002 update of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act—effectively scaled up the federal role in holding schools accountable for student outcomes.
http://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/no-child-left-behind-overview-definition-summary.html
