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History of cosmology

By xSmhVuk
  • 350 BCE

    Aristole describes the geocentric model of the universe

  • 200 BCE

    Aristarchus proposes a heliocentric model of the universe that is widely ignored

  • 150 BCE

    Ptolemy refines the geocentric model of the universe to try to explain the retrograde motion of the planets

  • 1520

    Ferdinand Mageilan is the first European to observe the Magellanic Clouds, which are later recognised as galazies outside the Milky way

  • 1543

    Nicholas Copernicus publishes a paper that presens the heliocentric model of the universe with a number of improvements on Aristarchus version

  • Giordano Bruno is burnt at the stake. One of his crimes was promoting the heliocentric model of the universe

  • kepler publishes Astronomia Nova, explaining the motion of the planets by using a heliocenntrc model of the universe and elliptical orbits

  • Galileo Galilei observes the moons of Jupiter

  • Galileo publishes his Dialouge on Two world systems, which argues in favour of the heliocentric model of the universe

  • Isaac Newton publishes Princupia Mathematica in which, among other things, he explains thE LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION

  • THOMAS WRIGHT SUGGESTS THAT THE milky way galaxy is a flattened disk of stars and that nebulae might be other galaxies

  • Wiliiam Herschel discovers Uranus, the first planet not visible to the naked eye to be discovered

  • William Herschel constructs the first map of the milky way galaxy

  • Friedrich Bassel observes stellar parallax- the apparent movement of starsdue to Earth's movement around the Sun.

  • John Couch Adams discovers Neptune.

  • Ernst Opik demonstrates that the Andromeda nebula lies outside the Milky Way galaxy.

  • Georges Lemaitre proposes the Big Bang theory, which suggests that the universe began as a giant explosion of energy.

  • Edwin Hubble discovers evidence of an expanding universe, which supports the Big Bang model.

  • Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto.

  • Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discover cosmic microwave background radiation, further evidence supporting the Big Bang model.

  • Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin are the first human beings to walk on the surface of the Moon.

  • Pioneer 10 becomes the first spacecraft to leave the solar system. The spacecraft Galileo returns data suggesting that Europa has liquid oceans under its icy surface.

  • The spacecraft Galileo returns data suggesting that Europa has liquid oceans under its icy surface.

  • Planet-sized objects Eris, Haumea and Makemake are discovered in the Kuiper Belt

  • The international Astronomical Union rules that Pluto is not a planet