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Peter Roget presented his paper 'The persistence of vision with regard to moving objects' to the British Royal Society.
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Dr. Joseph Antoine Plateau (a Belgian scientist) and Dr. Simon Rittrer constructed a machine called a phenakitstoscope. This machine produced an illusion of movement by allowing a viewer to gaze at a rotating disk containing small windows; behind the windows was another disk containing a sequence of images. When the disks were rotated at the correct speed, the synchronization of the windows with the images created an animated effect.
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Eadweard Muybridge started his photographic gathering of animals in motion.
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Thomas Edison started his research work into motion pictures.
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Thomas Edison announced his creation of the kinetoscope which projected a 50ft length of film in approximately 13 seconds
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J. Stuart Blackton made the first animated film which he called "Humorous phases of funny faces." His method was to draw comical faces on a blackboard and film them. He would stop the film, erase one face to draw another, and then film the newly drawn face. The ‘stop-motion’ provided a starting effect as the facial expressions changed be fore the viewer’s eyes.
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In France Emile Cohl produced a film, Phantasmagorie which was the first depicting white figures on a black background.
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Emile Cohl makes En Route the first paper cutout animation. This technique saves time by not having to redraw each new cell, only reposition the paper.
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Winsor McCay produced an animation sequence using his comic strip character "Little Nemo."
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Earl Hurd applies for a patent for the technique of drawing the animated portion of an animation on a clear celluloid sheet and later photographing it with its matching background. [Cel animation]
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Winsor McCay produced a cartoon called "Gertie, The Trained Dinosaur" which amazingly consisted of 10,000 drawings.
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Musical Mews and Feline Follies introduced Felix the Cat—often considered the first animated movie star.
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Featuring Mickey Mouse—becomes the first cartoon with the sound printed on the film,
and is the first notable success for Walt Disney Studios, founded in Los Angeles in 1923. -
The King of Jazz is produced by Universal. In it is a short animated sequence done by Walter Lantz. It is the first animation done with the two strip technicolor process
