History of Animation

By eduardoEg

  • • H.W. Goodwin invents nitrate celluloid film, which is a chemical combination of gun cotton and gum camphor.

    http://animation.filmtv.ucla.edu/NewSite/WebPages/Histories.htmlThe Praxinoscope was a theatrical Zoetrope with mirrors placed on an inside column that reflected out the sequential drawings that were on the inside of the drum.He was able to project 80 frames without changing reels and could project 10 to 15 minute "films"

  • Emil Reynaud (1844-1918) ,France, opened his Theatre Optique in Paris with an archetype of animation created by his invention the Praxinoscope

    http://animation.filmtv.ucla.edu/NewSite/WebPages/Histories.html

  • Thomas Edison invents the Kinetsocope

    He had already projected quite useful films onto a wall in his factory, but rather than producing a viewing system for the general public he came up with a machine in which reels of celluloid were not unrolled but stretched over a set of wheels that passed in front of a viewing window.

  • Lois Lumiere invents the cinematograph

    a combination camera/projector/printer, it was the first machine to show movies successfully on a screen. This system used a claw movement and perforated film that was synced to an intermittent shutter movement.

  • • Auguste and Louis Lumiere project their film

    Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory in Lyon-Montplaisir", at the Hotel Scribe in Paris, on December 28th. This, the first public screening of a motion picture, is regarded as the "birth of film."

  • • First magnetic recording of sound is achieved.

    • First magnetic recording of sound is achieved.

  • • James Stuart Blackton (1875 -1941) England/US makes

    "THE ENCHANTED DRAWING." The smile and frown of his drawn characters is achieved by the replacement technique used by Melies in his live action films. I

  • James Stuart Blackton makes the "HUMOROUS PHASES OF FUNNY FACES."

    his film is usually considered the first known example of animation as some of the drawn sequences are shot frame by frame. Blackton used a combination of blackboard and chalk drawing and cutouts to achieve animation

  • • Emile Cohl, (1857-1938) France, makes his first film, "FANTASMAGORIE.

    This film is considered by many to be the first animated film. Cohl was well-known for his comic strips before he went into animation. He made 250 animated films from 1908 -1921. Cohl was strongly influenced by the philosophy of the Incoherents, whom he joined in 1884. The Incoherents were an aggressively anti-rational group who believed insanity, hallucinations, dreams, and nightmares were sources of aesthetic inspiration.

  • • 19 year old Walter Elias Disney (1901-1966) started working in animation at the Kansas City Slide Company

    with his friend Ubbe Iwerks (1901-1971) who later changed his first name to Ub. They both used the book Animated Cartoons: How they are Made, their origin and Development by Edwin G. Lutz, New York, Scribner, 1920 to help them learn animation.

  • • Walter Lantz heads Bray studio.

    Disney Laugh-O-Grams Films studio in Kansas goes bankrupt. Disney moves to Los Angeles, California and opens a new studio in his uncle's garage in Silverlake. Margaret Winkler who was distributing KoKo and Felix puts Disney under contract for a series, which he had proposed, that combined live action and animation. The series was called "Alice Comedies" and featured a live action girl with animated characters.