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Roberts v. City of Boston
In Roberts v. City of Boston was decided in 1849 in Massachusetts. Sarah Roberts a five year old had to walk past five Boston elementary schools for white children to reach her school. Her father tried to enroll her in a nearby white school but was denied every time. This case put "separate but equal" in our legal and educational culture. -
Cummings v. Richmond County Board of Education
Racial discrimination was supported by the supreme court. In southern states at this time state and local laws required racial segregation. In this case the Richmond county school board closed the African American high school and turned the building into a African American elementary school instead of improving the original elementary school. The displaced African American students had no public schools to attend. The case ruled that in this case "separate but equal" wasn't in play. -
World War 1
During World War 1 standardized testing was created. They were first used to see the intelligent level in kids. The Army psychologists created and used these tests in order to meet the needs of the war. These same standardized tests are still used to retrieve knowledge about large groups of people. These tests are developed to be given to a large group of people. -
Brown v. Board of Education
In this case elementary school age students living in Kansas filed suit with the hopes they could be enrolled in public schools with white students. In 1954 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled to end segregation in schools. This case was a huge milestone in American history, The court came to the conclusion that educating was the most important thing a state and local government can provide. -
No Child Left Behind
President George W. Bush signed the re authorization of the ESEA funds that is now known as the No Child Left Behind Act. This act attempted to hold schools accountable for having equal opportunities for all students. The No Child Left Behind Act established an accountability system for schools and required students pass state standards at each grade levels. If students do not pass the entire schools can receive a failing grade. These schools were forced to restructure themselves.
