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Nov 10, 1483
Martin Luther born
Advocated establishing schools to teach children to read. Contributions:
Universal education
Public support of education
Teaching of reading to all children Died: February 18, 1546 -
John Comenius born
Wrote Orbis Pictus, the first picture book for children.
Believed early experiences formed what a child would be like Contributions:
Early learning helps determine school and life success
Sensory experiences support learning Died: November 15, 1670 -
John Locke born
Said children were born blank slates.
Believed children's experiences determine who they are. Contributions:
Learning should begin early
Children learn what they are taught - teachers literally make children Died: October 28, 1704 -
Jean-Jacque Rousseau born
Advocated natural approaches to child rearing.
Felt that children's natures unfold as a result of maturation. Contributions:
Natural approaches to education work best Died: July 2, 1778 -
Johann Pestalozziu born
Advocated that education should follow the course of nature.
Believed all education is based on sensory impressions.
Promoted the idea that the mother could best teach children. Contributions:
Family-centered approaches
Home schooling Died: February 17, 1827 -
Robert Owen born
Held that environment determines children's beliefs.
Believed society can shape children's character. Contributions:
Importance of infant programs
Education can counteract children's poor environment Died: November 17, 1858 -
Friedrich Froebel born
Believed children develop through "unfolding".
Founded the Kindergarten - "Garden of Children"
Developed gifts and occupations Contributions:
Teacher's role is similar to a gardener.
Children should have specific materials to learn through play. Died:June 21, 1852 -
John Dewey born
Contributions:
Progressive education movement
Children's interest form the basis of the curriculum
Educate children for today, not tomorrow Died: June 1. 1952 -
Patty Smith Hill born
Happy Birthday to YouContributions:
Started a progressive lab nursery school at Columbia Teacher's College
Large blocks for play
Wrote the tune of "Happy birthday to You"
Established the National Association for Nursery Education (NANE), which led to NAEYC Died: May 25, 1946 -
Maria Montessori born
Contributions:
The Montessori Method
Sensory-based materials that were self-correcting
Prepared environments
Respect for children Died: May 6. 1952 -
Jean Piaget born
Contributions:
Theory of cognitive development based on ages and stages
Children are "little scientists" and develop their own intelligence
Mental and physical activities are important for cognitive development Died: September 16, 1980 -
Lev Vygotsky born
Contributions:
Sociocultural theory
Concept of zone of proximal development
Communication between teachers and children can act as a means of scaffolding to higher levels of learning
Use of cooperative learning and other forms of social learning Died: June 11, 1934 -
Erik Erikson born
Theory of psychosocial development - cognitive development occurs in conjunction with social development
Life is a series of eight stages
How parents and teachers interact with and care for children helps determine their emotional and cognitive development. Died: May 12, 1994 -
Abraham Maslow born
Contributions:
Theory of self-actualization based on needs of motivation
Human development is a process of meeting basic needs throughout life
Humanistic psychology Died: June 8, 1970
