Historia de la Tierra

By Aurora Padilla Guimerá
  • Period: 4600 BCE to 568 BCE

    Precabrian

    Guide Fossil: Stromatolites.
    Geological events: Earth origin, first supercontinent called Rodinia, very activitie geological intense and high volcan activitie
    Climate events: High temperature
  • 3800 BCE

    Biological events

    The first signs of life appeared (bacteria) and the first eukaryotic cells were found
  • 700 BCE

    Biological event

    The first multicellular organisms were found
  • 600 BCE

    Biological event

    There was Ediacaran fauna, the temperature was 4000°C, and the first photosynthetic cyanobacteria were found.
  • 570 BCE

    Cambrian

    There were animals with two shells: arthropods and cephalopods, and branchiopods, which were mollusks.
  • Period: 570 BCE to 278 BCE

    Palaeozoic

    Guide fossil: Animals( tribilies)- arthropods.
    Geogical events: mountain range orogens are produced
    Climate events: The land was once warm and humid, but it became cold and dry with the rise of Pagnea and a mass extinction of species.
  • 500 BCE

    Ordovician

    Diversification of invertebrates: sea sponges, annelids, mollusks, and jawless vertebrate fish.
  • 435 BCE

    Silurian

    Jawed fish, giant sea scorpions, plants and mollusk development, the first coral reef.
    Non-flowering marine and terrestrial plants.
  • 395 BCE

    Devonian

    Appearance of insects and amphibians, diversification of jawed fish, and the first non-flowering trees
  • 347 BCE

    Carboniferous

    Proliferation of ferns and gymnosperms.
    Deposits of wood.
    First winged insects and reptiles.
  • 280 BCE

    Permian

    Extinction of 90% of species.
    Complete extinction of tribbibes.
    Appearance of synapods (ancestors of mammals).
  • Period: 248 BCE to 65 BCE

    Mesozoic

    Guide fossil: Marine cephalopods / ammoths
    Geological events: Fragmentation of Pangaea forming the oceans
    A lot of geological activity
    Climate events: The climate was very dry after the continents joined.
    Greenhouse effect
    There were no ice ages
  • 225 BCE

    Triassic

    Appearance of the first mammals, first reptiles, and first dinosaurs.
  • 135 BCE

    Jurassic

    Appearance of the first birds (small but abundant).
    Mass extinction of ferns and amphibians.
  • 66 BCE

    Cretaceous

    Gymnosperms and reptiles adapted to the dry climate and became very abundant; they had no competition from giant ferns and amphibians.
  • Period: 65 BCE to 1 BCE

    Cenozoic

    Guide fossil: Shelled foraminifera, Nummulides
    Geological events:Mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and the Alps are formed, South America and North America join together, and continents separate and the Canary Islands are formed.
    Climate eventsThe polar ice caps form, and a prolonged period of global cooling occurs (prolonging the rise and fall of sea levels).
    Ice Age
  • Period: 65 BCE to 23 BCE

    Palaeogene

    Diversification of mammals and birds after the mass extinction.
    First coral reefs and restoration of flora.
    Appearance of primates.
  • Period: 23 BCE to 2 BCE

    Neogene

    Birds, mammals, and angiosperms reached great abundance and diversity.
    Early hominids, mammoths, megalodon, and saber-toothed cats.
  • Period: 2 BCE to 1 BCE

    Quaternary

    Homo sapiens appears and expands globally.
    Megaspecies (mammoths and saber-toothed tigers) become extinct.
    Life emerges during glacial and interglacial cycles (climate change).