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After the Civil War, Congress passed laws to divide the South into military zones and force former Confederate states to accept new rights for Black citizens. -
Gave Black men the legal right to vote. Although many were still blocked for decades. -
Ended Reconstruction and pulled federal troops out of the South, leading to the rise of Jim Crow laws. -
Tried to break up Native American tribes by giving them individual land plots. It was meant to "Americanize" them, but ended up causing serious harm to their culture and communities. -
A major railroad workers' strike started over pay cuts and rent prices. It turned violent and was crushed by the U.S. Army. Protecting businesses over workers. -
The Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal as long as it was "separate but equal." This decision kept racist systems in place for decades. -
Coal miners went on strike for higher wages and shorter hours. President Roosevelt intervened, urging both sides to negotiate. -
A deadly fire in a New York factory killed 146 workers. The building was unsafe, and the doors were locked. This led to major changes in workplace safety laws. -
These laws made it illegal to criticize the government during WWI. A lot of people were arrested just for speaking out. -
A major cultural movement where Black artists, writers, and musicians brought African American life and creativity into the spotlight, especially in New York. -
A teacher in TN was put on trial for teaching evolution. The trial sparked a huge debate about science, religion, and what should be taught in schools. -
Thousands of WWI veterans marched on Washington to ask for their promised bonuses. The government used the military to push them out, which shocked a lot of people. -
Part of the New Deal, this law created retirement benefits, unemployment insurance, and aid for families. It's still one of the most important programs today. -
After Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans were forced into camps just because of their background. It's now seen as one of the biggest civil rights violations in U.S. history. -
Helped WWII veterans go to college, buy homes, and find jobs. It helped create the middle class, but not everyone got equal access. -
The U.S. gave huge amounts of money to help rebuild Europe after WWII. It also helped stop the spread of communism, which mattered during the Cold War. -
This Supreme Court case ruled that segregating schools by race was unconstitutional. It was a turning point for the Civil Rights Movement. -
After Rosa Parks was arrested, Black residents of Montgomery refused to ride the buses for over a year. It worked and became a model for nonviolent protest. -
A surprise attack during the Vietnam War that changed public opinion. It showed Americans that the war wasn't under control, as the government claimed. -
When police raided a gay bar in New York, people fought back. This sparked the start of the modern LGBTQ rights movement.