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Chief Joseph - Nez Perce
'Thunder Rolling Down the Mountain', or Chief Joseph, became leader when his father died in 1871. -
Chief Joseph - Federal Order
In 1874, the government made a federal order for all white settlers to leave the Wallowa Valley, allowing the Nez Perce to remain on their homeland. -
Red River War
The first battle came on August 30th, when Colonel Nelson A. Miles' troops caught up with a group of Southern Cheyenne near the Fork of Red River. The battle lasted a day, and the attacks were continuous. Although outnumbered, the Indians were able to hold them off long enough for their loved ones to escape. -
Joseph Glidden - Barbed Wire
On November 24th, 1874, Joseph Glidden was granted a U.S. patent for the improvement of barbed wire fencing. Using a coffee grinder, Glidden created the barbs, placed them equally apart on a smooth wire, then twisted another wire around the original to hold the barbs in place. -
The Nez Perce Move to Idaho
The federal government's original request was soon reversed, and General Oliver Otis Howard threatened to attack the Nez Perce if they were not to leave their reservation. Sadly, the indians could not hold on to their homeland, and headed to Idaho.
