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marked the period between Emperor Napoleon I of France's return from exile on Elba to Paris and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII.
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declined and unemployment had risen, leaving stocks in great excess of their real value. Among the other causes of the eventual market collapse were low wages, the proliferation of debt, a weak agriculture, and an excess of large bank loans that could not be liquidated.
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raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to record levels. sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot and Representative Willis C. Hawley
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to demand cash-payment redemption of their service certificates. led by Walter W. Waters, a former Army sergeant.
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order to lower the cost of home ownership.
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was the U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman appointed to the U.S. Cabinet. As a loyal supporter of her friend, Franklin D. Roosevelt, she helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal coalition.
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A dominant leader of the Democratic Party, he built a New Deal Coalition that realigned American politics after 1932, as his New Deal domestic policies defined American liberalism for the middle third of the 20th century.
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considered to aid in ending the loss of reservations lands held by Indians, and making some progress for enabling tribal nations to re-institute self-government.
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limited commercial bank securities activities and affiliations within commercial banks and securities firms.
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guarantees basic rights of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining for better terms and conditions at work, and take collective action including strike.
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is a concrete arch-gravity dam in the Black Canyon of the Colorado River, on the border between the US states of Arizona and Nevada. to support a dam that would control floods, provide irrigation water and produce hydroelectric power.
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was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court. Roosevelt's purpose was to obtain favorable rulings regarding New Deal legislation that the court had ruled unconstitutional.
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case that declared that the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 was constitutional.
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written by John Steinbeck. Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on the Joads, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, agricultural industry changes and bank foreclosures forcing tenant farmers out of work.
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period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the US and Canadian prairies during the 1930s.
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group of people from many different countries, working to promote peace. The group helps people around the world get food, medicine, and other things they need.
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is a national trade union center, the largest federation of unions in the United States, made up of fifty-seven national and international unions, together representing more than 11 million workers
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first media development that facilitated intimate and direct communication between the president and the citizens of the United States.
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The National Youth Administration (NYA) purpose was to provide programs to promote relief and employment for young people.
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was an independent agency of the United States government and it was during the administration of President Herbert Hoover. The agency gave $2 billion in aid to state and local governments and made loans to banks, railroads, mortgage associations and other businesses.
