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He was born on October 23, 1920, in Omegna, Italy.
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In 1931, his mother sent him to the Seminary of San Pietro Martir de Seveso (Milan)
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Rodari received the title of teacher at the age of seventeen.
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In 1938 he worked at Sesto Calende (Varese) as a private teacher for a family of German Jews who had fled the Nazi regime. He explained it in the book The Grammar of Fantasy
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In 1939 he enrolled at the Faculty of Languages at the University of Milan, but interrupted his studies as the outbreak of World War II.
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In 1948 he began writing his first children's texts on the pages of the newspapers L'Unità, Vie Nuove and Noi Donn. The director of the newspaper L'Unità encouraged him and entrusted him with the new boy's weekly Pioniere II, which was intended for the cultural training of the children of the militant proletarians of the Italian Communist Party.
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From 1966 to 1969 he was actively involved in collaborative projects with children.
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In 1970 he was awarded the Hans Christian Andersen Prize.
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In 1979, after a trip to the Soviet Union, his health began to deteriorate and he had to quit part of his job.
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He died on April 14, 1980 at the age of 59 years in
Rome.