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In 1247, the Chinese lawyer Sung Ts'u wrote a textbook on criminal investigations called "The Washing Away of Wrongs." When confronted by this jury of flies, the murderer confessed to the crime.
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He published the first scientific treatise on the detection of poisons and the effects on animals, a work that established forensic toxicology as a legitimate scientific endeavor.
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Used thumbnails on documents to identify workers in India.
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"Father of Criminal Identification". Developed Anthropometry which uses body measurements to distinguish individuals.
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Used fingerprints to eliminate an innocent burglary suspect.
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Published his first Sherlock Holmes story; Considered the first "CSI", featured in four novels and 56 short stories, popularized scientific crime-detection methods.
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Published Finger Prints. Conducted the first definitive study of fingerprints and their classification. Gave proof of their uniqueness.
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Wrote the first paper describing the application of scientific principles to the field of criminal investigation. Published Criminal Investigation.
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Discovered the ABO blood groups, later received Nobel Prize.
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Incorporated Gross' principles within a workable crime lab; became the founder and director of the Institute of Criminalistics at the University of Lyons, France.
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Published Questioned Documents. Developed the fundamental principles of document examination.
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Developed a method for determining blood type from dried blood.
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Established the First Crime Lab in the United States, located in Los Angeles.
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Developed a comparison microscope; first used to compare bullets to see if fired from the same weapon.