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Nixon's first overseas travel as president was an eight-day European visit starting in Brussels on February 23, 1969. He met with Britain’s Prime Minister Harold Wilson in London and France’s President Charles de Gaulle in Paris. He also stopped in Bonn, Berlin and Rome.
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In July 1969, Nixon visited South Vietnam, where he met with his U.S. military commanders and President Nguyen Van Thieu. Amid protests at home demanding an immediate pullout, he implemented a strategy of replacing American troops with Vietnamese troops, known as "Vietnamization".
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The administration responded with the vigorous use of four measures: the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (1968), the Organized Crime Control Act, the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act (1970), and the District of Columbia Criminal Procedures Act. Provisions emphasized wiretapping, preventive detention, and other measures that aroused the opposition of civil libertarians.
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Earth Day grabbed the attention of millions. "Environmentalism" emerged as a broad term addressing common concerns over crucial issues that affected all forms of life on earth.
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Nixon's proposed amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965, up for renewal in 1970, were tilted toward the South.
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The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) stalled on implementing desegregation of southern school districts until prodded by federal court orders.
less than 10 percent of black school-children attended all-black schools by that time, a major advance from the preceding administration. -
Nixon visited Europe again for nine days 1970 starting on September 27. He and Mrs. Nixon visited Italy, Yugoslavia, England, Ireland, and Spain. Nixon met with Pope Paul VI in Vatican City on both trips and discussed a wide range of world affairs.
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President Nixon pursued two important policies that both culminated in 1972. In February he visited Beijing, setting in motion normalization of relations with the People's Republic of China. In May, he traveled to the Soviet Union and signed agreements that contained the results of the first Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty talks (SALT I), and new negotiations were begun to extend further arms control and disarmament measures.
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Congress passed legislation creating the Bureau of Oceans and International Environments and Scientific Affairs (OES), to handle environmental issues, weather, oceans, Antarctic affairs, atmosphere, fisheries, wildlife conservation, health, and population matters.
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Nixon signed the Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act, embracing government regulation
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In January 1975, Nixon eliminated the Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO), the coordinating agency for the so-called War on Poverty, begun in 1964. The controversial Community Action Program was reorganized, other OEO programs were moved to other departments, and funding for some activities was cut.
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Ethiopia tried to suppress its opponents and enemies. Maxamed Siyaad Barre, president of Somalia, realized that Ethiopia was having major opposition against its own military and government, causing a lot of confusion and warfare.
