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Archibishop James Ussher of Ireland Calculates that the creation of Heaven and Earth took place in 4004 B.C.
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This is the “production” of living organisms from the non-living matter. A physician called Francesco Redi, shows why fly maggots often crop up in putrefied meat. They are the things that exist that are so small, the naked eye can’t see.
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He classified all types of life on Earth. Charles Darwin will be majorly influenced, as well as other naturalists. His system was related to God’s intents, which means each species is a different “archetype”.
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Bufon’s ideas were that humans and apes descended from the same ancestor. He also says that we according to natural laws; this ideas were considered radical ideas back then.
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This is the Theology of God based on facts, apart from divine revelation. One of the things William Paley the eye for his proof and/or example: he says that such a complex organ, must have been designed by an intelligent person. He compares this to the pocket watch, for its complexity.
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What Lamarck proposes in this time, is that over time things get more complex, while they evolve over time. He believes that acquired traits are passed on to their next generations, because of use or disuse; which helps them adapt to their environment.
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The construction of canals and mines in the early 19th century unearths fossils of bizarre and extinct creatures. Cuvier rails against the notion that past life envolves unto present forms.
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Charles Lyell helps further this idea by arguing that slow-moving, gradual processes explain Earth`s geology.
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When Charles Darwin begins his voyage around the world, he intend to spend his life in the clergy. At the end of hes two-year trip he was alredy a changed man committed to a life in science.
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The unearthing of a fossil skull in Germany`s Neander Valley fuels a debate over whether all humans are the direct descendants of Adam and Eve. Some wonder wether Neanderthal Man might have been the result of a separate act of Creation.
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Wallace (1858) : Darwin from Malaysia seeking the older naturalist`s advice. He has a theory of how species moght evolve.
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Darwin`s book is the most influential, it includes a wealth of evidence and proposes a coherent theory for evolution. “Just as domestic animals evolve through breeding or artificial selection, species in the world evolve by natural selection.
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While on the origin of species dos not address human evolution, critics correctly assume that Darwin thinks humans are no exception.
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Some of the prominent scientists continue to reject the idea of evolution, but only a few years after “On the Origin of Species” is publishes, evolution is mainstream science.
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Darwin is now unabashedly takes on human evolution. His new book also stresses the importance of “sexual selection” in driving evolution to life.
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Thomas Huxley journey to the U.S to give public lectures. Marsh has recently discovered stunning fossils of ancient horses. Hucley and Marsh piece together the story of the evolution of the modern horse from a four-toes ancestor. They predict that a more ancient, five-toed animal existed, and month later, fossils of such animals.
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Darwin´s burial (1882): honor, near the grave of Sir Isaac Newton.
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The discovery of radioactivity by physicist Antonie Henri Becquerel leads to stunning calculations of Earth`s age.
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Critics and proponents of evolution eagerly await the discover of a “missing link” between humans and other primates, the fossil skull called Piltdown Man seems to be this links. In the 1920s a model of the skill is even brought to the Scopes trial.
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Spurred by William Jennings Bryan and a growing grassroots movement, six Southern and border states consider anti-evolution proposals, two measures pass.
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Publishers remove references to evolution from biology textbooks. The teaching of evolution is curbed around the country.
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By an overwelming majority, the Tennesee Legislature passes a bill that makes it a misdemeanor for public school teacher “ to teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as thaught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man had descended from a lowe order of animal.”
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Some 35 new anti evolution bills are proposed in 20 states and three states pass laws. Almost all of the South and some of the West are affected by some form of restriction on teaching evolution.
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By the early 1940s the science of genetics has offered profound new insights into evolution.
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With textbooks effectively censored by commercial concerns the teaching of evolution hits a low point.
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The Constitutional limit on the establishment of religion was interpreted to mean only that government should not give explicit preference to any denomination but in 1947 the Supreme Court rules that neither a state or a federal government “can pass laws which aid one religion, or prefer one religion over another”
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In his paper on human origins, Pope Pius XII considers evolution as a serious hypothesis worthy of in-depth study.
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With electricity currents to act as lightning and a soup of inorganic chemicals to simulate the conditions of ancient Earth, a young graduate student named Stanley Miller produces amino acids-- key chemical building blocks of life.
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Science has known for decades that genes determine the traits of living things and that they are passes down throught generation but it takes the discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA to unlock the detail of what genes are and how they work.
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Breakthroughs in genetic science allow researchers to see striking similarities in the DNA blueprints for humans and apes.
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In the wake of the Sputnik-era push for better science education, lawsuits begin challenging antievolutionist legislation in the South.
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Before reading DNA was hard, and time consuming, but now with new technology, it is easy to read blueprints! This has made it easier and simpler for scientist to research how various animals have evolved over time.
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Certain schools boards, passed a requirement that all text books must say that evolution is a theory and not a fact. It should not mess with the biblical standpoint, and everywhere it’s taught it must me stated that it is controversial.
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After Prius XII accepted the theory of evolution, Pope John Paul II took t to a completely different level. He mentioned “it is indeed remarkable”, as well as, all of different thing of nature coming together was a great argument in favor of the theory.
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A nationwide study sponsored by The Fordham Foundation laments that 19 U.S states do “a weal-to-reprehensible job of handling evolution in their science standards.”
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WIth the first draft of sequence of human genome, it helped scientist observe our similarities as humans to chimpanzees, and even fruit flies and other animals. It also helps scientist learn about how humans have evolved throughout the years.
