Evolution of the Operating Systems

Batch Systems

1890

Date from the earliest computers, when they relied on stacks of
punched cards or reels of magnetic tape for input.

Embedded systems

1960

Are computers placed inside other products to add features
and capabilities.

Hybrid systems

1961

Are a combination of batch and interactive. They appear to be
interactive because individual users can access the system and get fast responses, but such a system actually accepts and runs batch programs in the background when the interactive load is light.

Interactive systems

1963

Give a faster turnaround than batch systems but are slower than
the real-time systems we talk about next. They were introduced to satisfy the
demands of users who needed fast turnaround when debugging their programs.