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Naturalism to Kindergarten
The foundation laid by philosophers like Luther and Locke paved the way for others to focus on education as a humanistic imperative. The world of education was able to evolve with the sometimes revolutionary ideas of Rousseau, Wollstonecraft, Owen, and Freobel -
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John Dewey and Progressive Education Theory
Dewey's theory of schooling emphasizes children and their interests rather than subject matter. He believed that education is a process of living and not a preparation for future living and that daily life should be a source of activities through which children learn about life and the skills necessary for a living. -
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Maria Montessori and the Montessori method
Maria Montessori developed a system for educating young children that have greatly influenced early childhood education. She is also the first women to earn a medical degree in Italy and then became interested in educational solutions such as deafness, paralysis, and mental retardation. -
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Jean Piaget and Constructivists Learning Theory
Jean Piaget was interested in how children learn and develop intellectually. He devoted his whole life to conducting experiments, observing children (including his own) and developing and writing about his cognitive theory. -
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Lev Vygotsky and Sociocultural Theory
Lev Vygotsky, a contemporary of Piaget, inspires the practices of early childhood professionals. His theory of development is particularly useful in describing children's mental, language, and social development. -
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Abraham Maslow and Self Actualization Theory
Abraham developed this theory called "self-actualization" based on the human needs. Life essentials are basic survival necessities being the most basic human need to the last which is Aesthetic needs. -
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Howard Gardner and multiple intelligence Theory
Gardner's philosophy of multiple intelligences suggests that people can be smart in many different ways. Gardner identifies nine intelligence: Visual, verbal, logical, kinesthetic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist, and existentialist. -
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The economic Opportunity Act
The Economic opportunity act of 1964 implemented several programs to promote the health, education and general welfare of people with low socioeconomic status and was designed to help put them to work. The EOA was later updated as the Head Start, one of the longest-running programs to address systemic poverty in the U.S.