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the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest. Resistance to Civil Government, also called On the Duty of Civil Disobedience or Civil Disobedience for short, is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau that was first published in 1849 -
It aimed to obtain a greater share in government for educated Indians and to create a platform for civic and political dialogue between them and the British Raj.
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Pan-Africanism was the attempt to create a sense of brotherhood and collaboration among all people of African descent whether they lived inside or outside of Africa. The themes raised in this excerpt connect to the aspirations of people, the values of European culture, and the world of African colonies.
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The All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906 with the aim of securing Muslim representation in local government. From 1909 Muslims and non-Muslims voted in separate electorates.
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The African National Congress is a social-democratic political party in South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election installed Nelson Mandela as President of South Africa
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Stood up against apartheid
Began his civil rights career non-violently
Arrested for bombing gov’t targets
Sentenced to life in prison- 1962
Served 27 yrs in Robben Island prison -
From 1920 to 1922, Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement. At the Kolkata session of the Congress in September 1920, Gandhi convinced other leaders of the need to start a non-co-operation movement in support of Khilafat as well as for dominion status.
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The Salt March, which took place from March to April 1930 in India, was an act of civil disobedience led by Mohandas Gandhi to protest British rule in India
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In 1942 the Indian National Congress launched the Quit India movement. Led by Mahatma Gandhi, it used methods of non-violent resistance to demand freedom from British rule
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nterned persons may be held in prisons or in facilities known as internment camps (also known as concentration camps). The term concentration camp originates from the Spanish–Cuban Ten Years' War when Spanish forces detained Cuban civilians in camps in order to more easily combat guerrilla forces.
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The Kenya African Union was a political organization in colonial Kenya, formed in October 1944 prior to the appointment of the first African to sit in the Legislative Council. In 1960 it became the current Kenya African National Union.
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social, political, and economic. Particularly after partition, when there was large-scale mobilization and casteism and untouchability were prevalent among others, socialists were considered communal.
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It is pointed out that apartheid interfered with data collection and quality, demographic dynamics, and population activities and research. The percentage of Black population increased from 68.6% to 76% during 1946-90. The percentage of White population declined from 20% to 13%.
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In politics, a partition is a change of political borders cutting through at least one territory considered a homeland by some community
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Pass laws and apartheid policies prohibited Black people from entering urban areas without immediately finding a job. It was illegal for a Black person not to carry a passbook. Black people could not marry white people. They could not set up businesses in white areas.
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he Accra Riots started on 28 February 1948 in Accra, the capital of present-day Ghana, which at the time was the British colony of the Gold Coast
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aparthood') was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s
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A policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race. Segregation on grounds other than race.
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The Mau Mau rebellion, also known as the Mau Mau uprising, Mau Mau revolt or Kenya Emergency, was a war in the British Kenya Colony between the Kenya Land and Freedom Army, also known as the Mau Mau, and the British authorities
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When you quit your job without another job, you will lose your income stream. Having enough savings to cover bills while you're outside the workforce can help ease the transition out of your job. Reducing or eliminating your debt before quitting will reduce your expenses while you're out of work
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The Algerian War was a major armed conflict between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare and war crimes
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On 6 March 1957, the Gold Coast (now known as Ghana) gained independence from Britain. Ghana became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and was led to independence by Kwame Nkrumah who transformed the country into a republic, with himself as president for life.
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South Africa is one of the most unequal societies in the world with more than 50% of its population living in poverty and 18.9% in extreme poverty with a life expectancy of 63.86 years (2018) and infant mortality rates are running at 27.5 for every 1000 births (compared to 3.4% in the EU for the same period.)
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The Viet Cong, officially the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, was an armed communist organization in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. It fought under the direction of North Vietnam against the South Vietnamese and United States governments during the Vietnam War.
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The Mau Mau rebellion, also known as the Mau Mau uprising, Mau Mau revolt or Kenya Emergency, was a war in the British Kenya Colony between the Kenya Land and Freedom Army, also known as the Mau Mau, and the British authorities
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The Évian Accords were a set of peace treaties signed on 18 March 1962 in Évian-les-Bains, France, by France and the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic, the government-in-exile of FLN, which sought Algeria's independence from France.
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The London Naval Conference of 1930 was the third in a series of five meetings, formed with the purpose of placing limits on the naval capacity of the world's largest naval powers.
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The Cambodian Civil War was a civil war in Cambodia fought between the forces of the Communist Party of Kampuchea against the government forces of the Kingdom of Cambodia and, after October 1970, the Khmer Republic, which had succeeded the kingdom
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The Kikuyu are a Bantu ethnic group native to Central Kenya. At a population of 8,148,668 as of 2019, they account for 17.13% of the total population of Kenya, making them Kenya's largest ethnic group. The term Kikuyu is derived from the Swahili form of the word Gĩkũyũ.
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The Khmer Rouge is the name that was popularly given to members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea and by extension to the regime through which the CPK ruled Cambodia between 1975 and 1979
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The Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum or simply Tuol Sleng is a museum chronicling the Cambodian genocide. Located in Phnom Penh, the site is a former secondary school which was used as Security Prison 21 by the Khmer Rouge regime from 1975 until its fall in 1979.
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Nelson Mandela and F.W. De Clerk awarded 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for momentous contribution to peaceful elimination of apartheid in South Africa.