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There are records of 700 B.C. China recording criminal finger prints of chunks of clay.
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A Greek physician created the first Lie Detector test when he noticed his patients pulse would increase when they lied.
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A Roman doctor that examined Julius Caesars body discovered out of his 23 stab wounds only 1 of them was fatal.
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A book published in 1248 titled "Hsi Duan Yu" explained the process of detecting the difference between drowning and strangulation.
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Mathieu Bonaventure Orfila, who is also considered the father of modern toxicology, published the book "Traite des Poisons" which detailed a mass amount of toxicology knowledge and procedures.
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A test kit was created that with a quick swab could tell if there was gunshot residue on the surface, this was a very huge development.