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Crusades

By HistoryTWO
  • 1009

    Church of the Holy Seplchre is destroyed

    By the Fatimid caliph which may have increased zeal among Christians to go on crusade.
  • 1095

    Alexios' Plea

    Envoys were sent from the Byzantine Emperor to Italy to ask Urban II for military assistance against the Muslim caliphate, the Seljuk Turks. This was because their army had been in decline since the Manzikert 1071 along with nearing enemies from other areas which created a sense of threat. However, it's likely that the problem was exaggerated as relations between the BE and the ST were quite stable by 1095 - they may have been exaggerated in order to entice the Pope into responding more eagerly.
  • Nov 27, 1095

    Pope Urban called for a crusade

    Pope Urban II made a speech at the Council of Clermont stressing points about the destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and the oppression of Christians in the East and that the Muslim infidels were to blame. It ended in the thousands present chanting 'Deus Vult!' - God wills it. This built up the initial religious fervour that began recruitment.
  • Period: 1096 to 1099

    1st Crusade

  • Period: Apr 1, 1096 to Oct 1, 1096

    The Peoples' Crusade

    Championed by Peter the Hermit, he spread a message more focused towards defense against infidels (mainly Jews). This group of 40,000 was made up of poor non-combatants, not trained soldiers. They set off in April before harvest meaning there wouldn't be enough food for them at future locations which is evidence for poor planning. Along their route, they raided towns and massacred Jews. Managed to take Xerigordos but was easily recaptured by the STs. Made enemies with other Christians - bad rep.
  • 1119

    Battle of the Field of Blood

  • 1119

    Knights Templar formed

    as a consequence of Field of Blood
  • 1187

    Battle of Hattin

  • 1187

    Audita Tremendi issued Pope Gregory VIII

  • 1188

    German contingent set off

  • Period: 1189 to 1191

    Siege of Acre

    • Guy's legitimacy was dropping so he needed to give validity to his claimant
    • He was joined by Phillip and Richard to besiege Acre
    • morale was boosted by Richard's arrival and they were well supplied making them stronger against Saladin
    • Phillip and Richard agreed over: how to split gains and the succession of KoJ. Guy-king, Conrad-heir
    • successful
  • 1191

    French and English contingent set off

  • 1191

    Phillip II goes home

  • 1191

    Battle of Arsuf

  • 1192

    Siege of Jaffa

  • 1192

    Treaty of Jaffa

  • 1193

    Saladin dies