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GM held the first international seminar with the world's leading experts to discuss human-impact response characteristics.
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In 1949, Sierra Sam invented the world's first car crash test dummy.
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The GM Proving Ground introduced the first, automotive, impact sled (HY-GE sled)
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When Congress passed the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, the design and manufacture of automobiles became a regulated industry.
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GM researchers created Hybrid I by merging the best parts of two primitive dummies.
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Sierra Engineering introduced Sierra Stan, a competitive model.
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GM's Hybrid 3 crash test dummies officially became the industry standard for testing to comply with government frontal impact regulations and air bag safety.