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Believed and developed a heliocentric solar system.
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Measured the Earth's axial tilt and his records of Mars helped Kepler create the Law of Planetary Motion
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Discovered that planets move in ellipses and not in perfect around stars (known as the law of planetary motion)
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Discovered Jupiter's 4 moons and further expanded Copernicus's heliocentric solar system idea.
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Created the laws of motion and a theory about gravity which described planetary movement and motion.
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Proposed a theory that the sun was near the centre of the universe
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Created a model of the universe based of the Hierarchical Universe and the Nebular Hypothesis from Newton.
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Predicted the existence of a planet past Neptune's orbit. Many adopted his method of building observations at locations which would best function.
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Discovered the relationship between period and luminosity in Cepheid periods
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Created the General Theory of Relativity and predicted the existence of black holes.
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Created a concept of the de Sitter space and de Sitter universe which stated that the universe was exponentially expanding and empty.
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Debated about the true distance of spiral nebulae, and if they are themselves galaxies and if they are in the milky way.
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Created a variant of the Big Bang Theory
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Discovered that the universe was either expanding or contracting, and believed that our galaxy was one of billions in the universe
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Created a popular variant of the Steady State Universe Theory, which stated that the universe expanded and that matter was inserted into the universe to have a uniform density.
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Discovered the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation