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Chomsky
All started when Chomsky dedistincted between competence and performance. Defining competence as: The shared knowledge of the ideal speaker-listener set in a completely homogeneous speech community. -
Hymes and Halliday
La competencia comunicativa deviene en el uso del lenguaje en una situación y contexto determinado (Hymes) con intenciones específicas (Halliday). -
Widowson
He stated the two aspects of performance:
1. Usage (knowledge of linguistic rules).
2. Use (The ability to use that knowledge)
As well as the two aspects of meaning:
1. Significance (meaning of the sentences isolated from a particular situation).
2. Value (meaning of the sentences when they are used to communicate). -
Canale & Swain
They argue that communicative competence minimaly includes three main competencies: grammatical, sociolinguistic and strategic competence.
Grammatical: sintax, semantics, morphology, phonology...
Sociolinguistic: use of language / discourse / contect/ interaction
Strategic Competence: "To know how" deal with communocation problems -
Bachman & Palmer
Communicative competence is based on:
Organizational Knowledge: The way in which the discourse is organized from its minimum.
Pragmatical Knowledge: Capacity to interpret and use the social meaning os linguistic variables. -
Maturana
La competencia comunicativa se puede definir como “un constructo globalizante que abarca las habilidades, destrezas y conocimientos de los que ha de servirse el usuario de la lengua para interactuar efectivamente en diversos contextos sociales”