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Santa Fe Trail
One of the busiest routes was the Santa Fe Trail, which stretched 780 miles from independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe in the mexican Province of New Mexico -
Missouri Compromise
congress passed a series agreements in 1820-1821 known as the Missouri Compromise. Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri as a slave state -
San Felipe De Austin
Colony , San Felipe de Austin 1825 issued 297 land grants to the group that later became known as Texas's Old Three Hundred -
The Liberator
William Lloyd Garrison, three years later he wrote his own paper, The Liberator, to deliver an uncompromising demaand: immediate emancipation, black support -
Mexico abolishes slavery
Southerners brought slaves with them to Texas. Mexico which had abolished slavery in 1829, insisted in vain that the Texans free their slaves -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Some slaved rebelled against their condition of bondage. One of the most rebllions was led by Virgina slave Nat Turner. In August 1831, Turner and his crew attacked four plantations and killed 60 whites -
Texas Revolution
After sana suspended local powers in Texas and other Mexican states, several rebellions broke out, including that would be known as the Texas Revolution -
Oregon Trail
Oregon Trail stretched from independence, Missouri, to Oregon City, Oregon. It was blazed in 1836 by two methodist ,issionaries named Marvus and Narcissa Whitman -
Texas enters United states
Most texans hoped that the United States would annex their republic, but U.S. opinion divded along sectional lines Southerners wanted Texas in order to end slavery -
Manifest Destiny
Expressed the belief that United States was ordained to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territiory -
Mexican American War
March 1845, angered by U.S. Texas negotiation on annexation, the Mexican goverment recalled its ambassador from Washington. On december 29, 1845, Texas entered the union events moved quickly toward war -
The North Star
Feddrick Douglass, began his own anitslavery newspaper. Named it The North star, A star that guided runaway slaves to freedom -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidaglo
On Febuary 2, 1848 the United States and Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 had provid- ed for popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah. To Senator Stephen Douglas, popular sovereignty seemed like an excellent way to decide whether slavery would be allowed in the Nebraska Territory. -
Kansas Nebraska Act
Kansas and Nebraska territory lay north of the Missouri Compromise line of 36°30’ and therefore was legally closed to slavery. -
Dread Scott v. Sanford
Violated the fifth Amendment, which guarentees the right not to be deprived of property without due process of law. Ban slavery -
Abraham Lincoln becomes president
Lincoln appeared to be moderate in his views. Although he pledged to halt the further spread of slavery, he also tried to reassure Southerners that a Republican administration would not “interfere with their slaves, or with them, about their slaves.” Nonetheless, many Southerners viewed him as an enemy. -
Formation of the Confederacy
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Emancipation Proclamation
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Sherman's March
Sherman began his march southeast through Georgia to the sea, creating a wide path of destruction. His army burned almost every house in its path and destroyed live- stock and railroads. November he had burned most of Atlanta. -
Surrender at Appomattox Court House
On April 9, 1865, in a Virginia town called Appomattox Court House, Lee and Grant met at a private home to arrange a Confederate surrender. -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln and his wife went to Ford's Theater, in Washington to see a british comedy "Our American Cousin". A guy crept on Abraham Lincoln and shot him in the back of his neck. Died on April 15, John Wilks Booth killed assassinated Abraham Lincoln. -
Thirteenth amendment
Thirteenth Amendment was ratified at the end of 1865. The U.S. Constitution now stated, “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” -
Abolition
The movement to abolish slavery, became the most important of a series of reform movements in America -
Fugitive slave act
Helping a fugitive was a fine of $1000 and in jail uo to six months, Fugitive slave act, Northerners resisted it by organizing "vigilance Cimmittees" to endangered African Americans to safety in Canda -
Underground railroad
Free African American and white abolitionists developed a secret network of people who would, at great risk to themselves, hide fugitve skaves . The system of escape routes. Harriet Tubman lead hundreds of slaves to freedom -
Uncle tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe published her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. which stressed that slavery was not just a political contest, but also a great moral struggle. Stowe had watched boats filled with people on their way to be sold at slave markets. Expressed lifetime hatred of slavery -
Harriet Tubman
Born a slave, became a famous "conductor, on the Underground Railroad. leading hundreds of slaves to freedom. -
Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas
Douglas won the senate seat, they were talking about slavery. Lincoln thought slavery was immoral -
John Brown raid Harpers Ferry
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Attack on Fort Sumter
By the time of Lincoln’s inauguration on March 4, 1861, only four Southern forts remained in Union hands. The most important was Fort Sumter, on an island in Charleston harbor. Lincoln decided to neither abandon Fort Sumter nor reinforce it, April 12, Confederate bat- teries began thundering away to the cheers of Charleston’s citizens. The deadly struggle between North and South was under way. -
Battle of Bull Run
The first bloodshed on the battlefield occurred about three months after Fort Sumter fell, near the little creek of Bull Run, just 25 miles from Washington, D.C. The battle was a seesaw affair. -
Conscription
heavy casualties and widespread desertions led each side to impose conscription, a draft that forced men to serve in the army,North conscription led to draft riots, the most violent of which took place in New York City -
Income tax
Northern economy grew, Congress decided to help pay for the war by collecting the nation’s first income
tax, a tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual’s income. -
Battle at Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg began on July 1 when Confederate soldiers led by A. P. Hill encoun- tered several brigades of Union cavalry under the command of John Buford, an experienced officer from Illinois. -
Stephen F goes to jail
While was on his way home, Santa Anna had Austin imprisoned for inciting revolution -
Battle at Antietam
McClellan ordered his men to pursue Lee, and the two sides fought on September 17 near a creek called the Antietam. The clash proved to be the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with casualties totaling more than 26,000. The next day, instead of pursuing the battered Confederate army into Virginia and possibly ending the war, McClellan did nothing.Lincoln removed him from command. -
Gettysburg address
According to some contemporary historians, Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address “remade America. The speech helped the country to realize that it was not just a collection of individual states; it was one unified nation. -
Battle at Vicksburg
Meade’s Army of the Potomac was destroying Confederate hopes in Gettysburg, Union general Ulysses S. Grant fought to take Vicksburg, one of the two remaining Confederate strongholds on the Mississippi River. Vicksburg itself was particularly important because it rested on bluffs above the river from which guns could control all water traffic
