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Law case of the US supreme court. Upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal".
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Organization which fought for civil rights for African Americans, mainly through court cases (behind the Brown v. Board of Education case)
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Supreme Court ruling reversing the policy of segregation from Plessy v Ferguson, declaring that separate can never be equal and a year later ordered the integration of all public schools with all deliberate speed.
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In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.
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Organization formed by MLK in 1957 to organize nonviolent resistance to achieve equality for African Americans
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A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment.
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Nine black students enrolled at formerly all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September 1957, testing a landmark 1954 U.S. Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
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Four African American college students sat down at a lunch counter at Woolworth's in Greensboro, North Carolina, and politely asked for service. Their request was refused. When asked to leave, they remained in their seats.
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Organization founded in 1960 by college students to organize sit-ins and other nonviolent protests and offer young people a voice in the movement; became more radical in the late 1960s under the leadership of Stokely Carmichael.
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A decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. The case overturned a judgment convicting an African American law student for trespassing by being in a restaurant in a bus terminal which was "whites only".
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Seven blacks and six whites left D.C on two public buses bound for the Deep South. They intended to test the Supreme Court's ruling in Boynton v. Virginia
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Meredith was a United States civil rights leader whose college registration caused riots in traditionally segregated Mississippi.
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Movement organized by the SCLC to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama.
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200,000 demonstrators converged on the Lincoln Memorial to hear Dr. King's speech and to celebrate Kennedy's support for the civil rights movement. (putting pressure on the federal government to pass civil rights legislation)
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prohibited the federal and state governments from imposing poll taxes before a citizen can participate in a federal election.
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Converted to Nation of Islam in jail in the 50s, became Black Muslims' most dynamic street orator and recruiter who argued for separation, not integration.
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A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment.
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In 1964, when blacks and whites together challenged segregation and led a massive drive to register blacks to vote.
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Assassinated by members of the Nation of Islam in 1965.
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A march that was attempted three times to protest voting rights, with many peaceful demonstrators injured and killed. Led by MLK. Resulted in Voting Rights Act.
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A law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African Americans were registered and the number of African American elected officials increased dramatically. Encouraged greater social equality and decreased the wealth and education gap
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A black political organization that was against peaceful protest and for violence if needed. The organization marked a shift in policy of the black movement, favoring militant ideals rather than peaceful protest; "advocating self-rule for American blacks"
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Martin Luther King Jr. is shot to death at a hotel in Memphis, Tennessee. A single shot fired by James Earl Ray from over 200 feet away at a nearby motel struck King in the neck. He died an hour later at St. Joseph’s Hospital.
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Defines housing discrimination as the “refusal to sell or rent a dwelling to any person because of his race, color, religion, or national origin”.
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Fatally shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, shortly after winning the California presidential primaries in the 1968 election, and died the next day while hospitalized.
