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First slaves
A year before the Mayflower, the first 20 African slaves are sold to settlers in Virginia as "indentured servants." -
First African American child
The first African American child, William Tucker is born in the colony. -
Three-fifths Compromise
Constitution adopted; slaves counted as three-fifths of a person for means of representation. -
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Harriet Tubman
Was an escaped slavery to become a leading abolitionist. She led hundreds of enslaved people to freedom along the route of the Underground Railroad. -
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Emancipation Proclamation
All salves in confederate territory free. -
13th Amendment
Freed slaves everywhere in the u.s.
recognized the right of all Americans to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness -
14th Amendment
Over turned the Dred Scot decision.
recognized the rights of all citizens to "due process of law" and "equal protection of law -
Plessy vs Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson is an important court case because it gave legal standing to the idea of separate but equal. -
NAACP
1909 - NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - They were a powerful voice in the struggle to improve the legal rights of African Americans and fought to bring an end to racial violence. -
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages. -
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote. -
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James Baldwin
A civil rights activist involved in the civil rights movement. He was good friends with Harry Belafonte and other civil rights figures. Baldwin met with public figures to discuss the moral implications of the civil rights movement. The meeting was an important one in voicing the concerns of the civil rights movement and it provided exposure of the civil rights issue not just as a political issue but also as a moral issue. Also involved in the Civil Rights March. -
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Malcolm X
1963 - 1965 - Malcolm X Fiery minister at the Nation of Islam. Against what MLK Jr. stood for (non-violent protests), but in 1964 after visiting Islam's holy sites he started cooperating with civil rights leaders. n February 1965, he was assassinated by three members of the Nation of Islam. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
The Supreme Court ruling on the landmark case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans., agreeing that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. -
Rosa Parks
Secretary of the local NAACP chapter, she refused to give up her seat at the front of the "Colored people" section to a white person. She was arrested. This started the Montgoery Bus Boycott. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
NAACP organized this bus boycott one day after the arrest of Rosa Parks. The boycott was against the city bus system. 90% of African American bus riders stayed off the bus that day. -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott was a slave and said he was free because his owner lived in a free state for 4 years. Two state courts made 2 opposong decisions so Scott went to the Supreme Court in 1857. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
Jan. 1957 - Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King,helped to establish the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, April 16, 1963 Martin Luther King is arrested and jailed during protests in Birmingham, Ala.; he writes his "Letter from Birmingham Jail," arguing that individuals have the moral duty to disobey unjust laws.
On Aug. 28, 1963 Martin Luther King delivers his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. -
Sit-Ins
Feb. 1, 1960 - Sit-Ins Four college students in Greensboro, NC a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. They were refused service, but were allowed to stay at the counter. This event started similar nonviolent protests throughout the South -
Abraham Lincoln
16th President of the U.S. He fought for the Union , to abolish slavery, for the constitution, and representative Democracy(Government by the people, for the people). -
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President Lyndon Johnson
Became President of the US after Pres. JF Kennedy was assassinated . Johnson signed July 2, 1964 the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It banned discrimination in employment and in public accomidations. He was reelected in 1964 and signed into law the Voting Rights Act of 1965.. -
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Selma March
Martin Luther King led thousands of nonviolent demonstrators to the steps of the capitol in Montgomery, Alabama, after a 5-day, 54-mile march from Selma, Alabama. 600 blacks begin a march to Montgomery in support of voting rights but are stopped at the Pettus Bridge by a police blockade. Fifty marchers are hospitalized after police use tear gas, whips, and clubs against them. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
res. Johnson passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It stated that it is deadly wrong to deny any fellow American the right to vote. making it easier for Southern blacks to register to vote. (Literacy Tests, Poll Taxes). -
Civil Rights Act of 1965
Johnson enforces affirmative action and required government contractors to take affirmative action toward minority enployees in hiring and employment. -
Black Panther
U.S. African American militant party. They were trying to achieve black liberation and called on African Americans to ams themselves for liberation struggles. -
15th Amendment
Declared that the right of male citizens to vote could not be in fringed upon based on race, creed, or previous servitude -
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The Article of Confederation
This document, the nations first constitution. The document was limited because states held most of the power, and congress lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage.