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U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal" -
They contributed to the eventual integration of the United States military and the eventual desegregation of the U.S. Armed Forces in 1948 -
Jackie Robinson, a black man, joined the Mlb. This was the first time in history where a black man was allowed to play major league sports with white men. -
President Truman passes Executive Order 9981. This allowed the government to integrate the segregated military. -
Sweatt v. Painter invalidated Plessy v. Ferguson's 1896 “separate but equal” doctrine, and while it “did not doom other sorts of segregation,” it did lay the groundwork for the monumental 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision -
The Supreme Court's ruling in Brown overruled Plessy v. Ferguson by holding that the "separate but equal" doctrine was unconstitutional for American educational facilities and public schools. -
Emmett Till's murder was a spark in the upsurge of activism and resistance that became known as the Civil Rights movement. Many thought it was wrong how he died, so they fought for him. -
She was called "the mother of the civil rights movement," Rosa Parks invigorated the struggle for racial equality when she refused to give up her bus seat to a white man in Montgomery. -
Governor Orval Faubus mobilized the Arkansas National Guard in an effort to prevent nine African American students from integrating the high school. -
The new act established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote. -
The first people served were the lunch counter employees themselves. In the first week, three hundred African Americans ate at that lunch counter. The Greensboro Four became famous for fighting discrimination. -
The Freedom Riders attracted the attention of the Kennedy Administration and as a direct result of their work, the Interstate Commerce Commission issued regulations banning segregation in interstate travel -
Citizens in some states had to pay a fee to vote in a national election. This fee was called a poll tax. On January 23, 1964, the United States ratified the 24th Amendment to the Constitution, prohibiting any poll tax in elections for federal officials. -
Riots began on the campus of the University of Mississippi in Oxford where locals, students, and committed segregationists had gathered to protest the enrollment of James Meredith, a black Air Force veteran attempting to integrate the all-white school. -
Governor George Wallace stood in front of Foster Auditorium at the University of Alabama on June 11, 1963, to stop the enrollment of African-American students Vivan Malone and James Hood. He was being confronted by Deputy U.S. Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach. -
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom brought over 200,000 people to the nation's capitol to protest racial discrimination and show support for civil rights legislation that was pending in Congress. -
When JFK became president the civil rights movement began, so many changes for African Americans happened since JFK was elected, When he was assassinated it was a great loss for the civil rights movement. -
The Act prohibited discrimination in public accommodations and federally funded programs. It also strengthened the enforcement of voting rights and the desegregation of schools. -
Malcolm X was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of Islam until 1964, he was a vocal advocate for Black empowerment and the promotion of Islam within the Black community. -
They marched to ensure that African Americans could exercise their constitutional right to vote, even in the face of a segregationist system that wanted to make it impossible. -
It aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote as guaranteed under the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. -
His assassination led to an outpouring of anger among Black Americans, as well as a period of national mourning that helped speed the way for an equal housing bill that would be the last significant legislative achievement of the civil rights era. -
The 1968 Act expanded on previous acts and prohibited discrimination concerning the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, sex, (and as amended) handicap and family status.