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Harriet tubman escapes from slavery and develops the underground railroad
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Dred Scott v Sanford marks the beginning of this civil war as blacks are denied all of their basic human rights
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The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
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13th amendment passes abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.
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Howard’s University becomes the country's first black law school
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Granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed.
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he Civil Rights Act of 1875 prohibited such cases of racial discrimination and guaranteed equal access to public accommodations regardless of race or color.
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The Ending of Reconstruction. In the 1870's, violent opposition in the South and the North's retreat from its commitment to equality
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The Black Exodus takes place, in which tens of thousands of African Americans migrated from southern states to Kansas.
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Upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal".
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“Up from Slavery” is an autobiography written by Booker T. Washington. with information regarding slavery, slavery nothing will ever fully make up for slavery.
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Niagara Movement was a black civil rights organization founded in 1905 by a group led by W. E. B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter.
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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded by a multi-racial group of activists in New York, N.Y.
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Satute enacted by many American southern states in the wake of Reconstruction. It allowed potential white voters to circumvent literacy tests, poll taxes, and other tactics designed to disfranchise southern blacks.
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The race riot resulted in the brutal lynching of Will Brown, a black worker
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Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, banning discriminatory employment
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Japanese Americans were sent to concentration camps .
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Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship
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On this date in 1948, President Harry S. Truman issued Executive Order 9981, which declared “that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity
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Malcolm X becomes a minister of the Nation of Islam and over the years he increases to one of the two most powerful members of a black nationalist and separatist movement
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On May 17, 1954, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren delivered the unanimous ruling in the landmark civil rights case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. State-sanctioned segregation of public schools was a violation of the 14th amendment and was therefore unconstitutional.
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A young black boy, Emmett is brutally murdered for allegedly whistling at a woman in Mississippi.
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Rosa Parks arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white man
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A political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama.
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The Southern Christian Leadership Conference, comprised of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., Charles K. Steele and Fred L. Shuttlesworth, was established.
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The Highlander Research and Education Center, formerly known as the Highlander Folk School, is a social justice leadership training school and cultural cente
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The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
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The Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom, or Prayer Pilgrimage to Washington, was a large nonviolent demonstration in Washington, DC on May 17, 1957
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NAACP Branch President Robert F. Williams successfully led an armed self-defense of the home of the branch vice president and Monroe, N.C.'s black community from an armed attack by a Ku Klux Klan motorcade.
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October 12, 1958, fifty sticks of dynamite exploded in a recessed entranceway at the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation
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Blacks beaten by upset white men and were taken to jail
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The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was founded at Shaw University in Raleigh, N.C., providing young blacks with a more prominent place in the civil rights movement.
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Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961
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A desegregation coalition formed in Albany, Georgia, on November 17, 1961, by local activists.
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An African-American man named James Meredith attempted to enroll at the University of Mississippi.
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Martin Luther King is arrested and jailed during an anti-segregation movement
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Gov. Wallace stops desegregation of the University of Alabama
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The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
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a bomb exploded during Sunday morning services in the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, killing four young girls.
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The bodies of three civil-rights workers are found. Murdered by the KKK, James E. Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner had been working to register black voters in Mississippi
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Prohibiting discrimination in a number of settings: Title I prohibits discrimination in voting;
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Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice in America.
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assassinated by rival Black Muslims
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The three Selma to Montgomery marches in 1965 were part of the Voting Rights.That night, a white group beat and murdered civil rights activist James Reeb
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Congress passes the Voting Rights Act of 1965, making it easier for Southern blacks to register to vote. Literacy tests, poll taxes, and other such requirements that were used to restrict black voting are made illegal
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The Black Panther Party for Self-Defense. The Panthers practiced militant self-defense of minority communities against the U.S. government, and fought to establish revolutionary socialism through mass organizing and community based programs.
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Martin Luther King Jr. assassinated in Memphis Tennessee at the Lorraine Motel
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a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.
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In 1983, Bluford became the first African American to travel into space when he served as a mission specialist aboard the space shuttle Challenger. Bluford completed three more NASA missions, compiling 688 hours in space by the time of his retirement in 1993.
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In Los Angeles, California, four Los Angeles police officers that had been caught beating an unarmed African-American motorist in an amateur video are acquitted of any wrongdoing in the arrest.
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Barack obama becomes the first african-american president of the united states
