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The world's first known writing system created in Mesopotamia. -
Cites like Uruk and Ur develop as centers of civilization. -
Advanced cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa flourish with urban planning and trade. -
Sargon of Akkad founds one of the world's first empires. -
The oldest known work of literature written in Sumer. -
Traditionally, Abraham leaves Ur and enters into a covenant with God, central to Judaism. -
Possible Environmental changes or migrations lead to the civilization’s decline. -
King Hammurabi of Babylon establishes one of the first written law codes. -
Indo-Aryans migrate into the Indian subcontinent, introducing the Vedic culture. -
Moses leads the Israelites out of Egypt and receives the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai. -
The earliest and most important Veda, foundational to Hinduism, is composed. -
Advances in technology revolutionize tools and weapons. -
King David unites the Israelites, with Jerusalem as the capital. -
The First Temple, central to Jewish worship, is constructed in Jerusalem. -
Philosophical texts explain concepts such as Brahman and Atman, Hinduism keeps developing further. -
Religious reform movements develop along with the evolving Hindu beliefs. -
The Babylonians destroy the First Temple and exile the Jewish elite to Babylon. -
Cyrus the Great conquers Babylon, allows Jews to return to Jerusalem, and rebuild the temple -
The fall of Babylon marks the end of independent Mesopotamian rule. -
Zoroastrianism influences Mesopotamian and Jewish thought, while Vedic traditions in India continue to evolve.