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439
Old English (Anglo-Saxon)
Invasion of Celtic England(450-1066) Norman france, under William conquer Englang.
oral literature. Poets as Caedmon and Cynewulf, also called Anglo-Saxon, language spoken and written in England before 1100.Four dialects of the Old English language are known: Northumbrian in northern England and southeastern Scotland.
The Vikings firts made their presence felt in Britain in 780s.
Despide the extensive period of settlement, and Danish becoming the language of power for a generation. -
672
The venerable Bede
Anglo-Saxon theologian, historian, and chronologist. St. Bede is best known for his Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (“Ecclesiastical History of the English People”) -
1066
Middle English period
The middle period sees a huge transition in the language and culture.
The vernacular spoken and written in England from about 1100 to about 1500, the descendant of the Old English language and the ancestor of Modern English
topics by religion and nature (1350)
chauser, thomas Malory and Robert Henryson " piers plowman" and "sir gawanand the green knight"
It came between the Roma empire and the beginning of the modern age.
Dark age
the dark ages Europe in the middle had feudalism. -
1500
The renaissance
The Elizabethan age (1558- 1603)
The jacobean age (1603- 1625)
The Caroline age (1625- 1649)
The Common wealth period (1649- 1660)
The Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art. Some of the greatest thinkers, authors, statesmen, scientists and artists in human history thrived during this era.
The name of renaissance is a french word translating to rebirth. it simbolised the beginning of a new era of art. -
1558
Elizabeth Age
The Elizabethan era is the period of English history associated with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603). However, many critics expand the term to include the changes that started to take place in England and therefore in the English literature since the Renaissance, precisely, from the death of Chaucer (1400) and continued until the death of Shakespeare, in 1616.
Chistofer Marlowe
Francis Bacon
EdmundSpencer
Sir Walter Raleigh
William Shakespeare -
The neoclassical period
Neoclassical literature was written between 1660 and 1798. This time period is broken down into three parts: the Restoration period, the Augustan period, and the Age of Johnson.
Novelist to explore include Samuel Richardson
Tobias Smallett
Laurence Sterne -
The Jacobean Age
Jacobean literature begins with the drama, including some of Shakespeare's greatest, and darkest, plays. The dominant literary figure of James's reign was Ben Jonson, whose varied and dramatic works followed classical models and were enriched by his worldly, peculiarly English wit.
Jhon Donne
Shakespeare
Jhon Webster
Elizabeth Cary
Ben Johnson -
Wlliam Shakespeare
He then wrote mainly tragedies until 1608, among them Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, all considered to be among the finest works in the English language.
They were two long poems, 'Venus and Adonis' (1593) and 'The Rape of Lucrece' (1594).
Shakespeare wrote many of his most famous tragedies, such as King Lear and Macbeth, as well as great romances, like The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest. -
The Caroline Age
The age of named after Charles I who reigned over England. "Caroline" is derived from "carolus". There was a long civil war between cavaliers and roundlheads.
The group of lyrics poets associated with the cavaliers are cavalier poets.
Despite the wealth of writing produced in this period, Caroline literature has not been as widely studied as the acknowledged ‘golden age’ that preceded it.
Jhon Milton
Robert Burton
George Herbert -
The commonwealth period
End of the English civil war. it is hard to place the " commonwealth men" al all exactly in that complex of changes which constitute the renaissance.
They resorted to the formula of the commonwealth in a spirit of deliverate conservatism.
Oliver Cromwell
Jhon Milton
Thomas Hobbes -
The Restoration (1660-1700)
The period of Restoration, monarchy was restored in England, and Charles II, the son of Charles I who had been defeated and beheaded, came back to England from his exile in France and became the King.
The restoration period sees some response to the puritanical age.
comedies: William Congrave- Jhon Dryden
Satire: Samuel Butler
others: Aphra Behen
John Bunyan - John Locke -
The Augustan Age(1700-1745)
The age of the emperor Augustus was the golden period, Classical age of Roman Empire Latin literature.
Their emphasis was on order and reason, on restraint, on common sense and on religious, political, economic and philosophical conservatism. Alexander pope
Jhonatha swift
Daniel Defoe
Lady Mary Wortley -
The age of sensibility
The period in British literature between roughly 1740 and 1800 is sometimes called “the Age of Sensibility,” in recognition of the high value that many Britons came to place on explorations of feeling and emotion in literature and the other arts.
Edmund Burke
Edward Gibbon
Hester Lynch
Samuel Johnson -
The romantic period (1785-1832)
Romantic period, but tipically when one speaks of romanticism:In England, the Romantic poets were at the very heart of this movement. They were inspired by a desire for liberty, and they denounced the exploitation of the poor. There was an emphasis on the importance of the individual; a conviction that people should follow ideals rather than imposed conventions and rules.
william Blake: poems the tyger, London the lamb
Lord Byron: poems she walks in beauty
Jane Austen: Sense and sensibility -
Romanticism -french revolution
Romanticism was nothing short of a revolution in how poets understood their art, its provenance, and its powers: ever since, English-language poets have furthered that revolution or formulated reactions against it.
John Keats: “On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer”
Charles Lamb: A Dramatic Fragment.
Percy Bysshe: "Ozymandias”.
Mary Shelly- author of Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus -
Allan Poe
Poe self-published his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems, in 1827. His second poetry collection, Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems, was published in 1829.
"The Tell-Tale Heart,”
“The Raven,” and
“The Fall of the House of Usher.” -
victorian period
This period named for the reing of queen Victoria. The Reform Bill of 1832 gave the middle class the political power it needed to consolidate?and to hold?the economic position it had already achieved. Industry and commerce burgeoned. While the affluence of the middle class increased, the lower classes, thrown off their land and into the cities to form the great urban working class, lived ever more wretchedly. -
Early
Authors: Elizabeth and Robert Barrett.
She write the cry of the children
Thomas Carlyle: Sartor Resartus -
Mid
Cristina Rossetti : globin market and other poems (1862)
Mattheus Arnold: Sohrab and Rustum
John Ruskin: the italian school design -
Herman Melville
Melville had promised his publishers for the autumn of 1850 the novel that became Moby Dick. -
Gorge Eliot- victorian period
George Eliot was Mary Ann Evans In 1850, Eliot began contributing to the 'Westminster Review', a leading journal for philosophical radicals, and later became its editor.Her other novels include 'The Mill on the Floss' (1860), 'Silas Marner' (1861), 'Romola' (1863), 'Middlemarch' (1872) and 'Daniel Deronda' (1876) -
Late
charles Dickens was a novelist, journalist and editor. he wrote novels as a oliver twist, a chritsmas Carol, Nicholas Nickleby, Dvid Copperfield, a tale of two citiesand great expectation. -
Thomas Hardy
As a novelist he is best known for his work set in the semi-fictionalized county of Wessex including, Tess of the d'Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure. He was also an accomplished poet. -
Edwardian period
The beginning of the Edwardian era (1901-1914) marked the end of the longest reign to in British history to that date: that of Queen Victoria. With the advent of a new monarch and a new century, Edwardian writers created protagonists who looked introspectively, and thought critically about the moralism and technological advances of the previous era.
The period between victorian's death and the outbreak of world war I.
Joseph Conrad
Ford Madox
Rudyard Kipling -
Georgian period (1910- 1936)
The reign of George V and include the reigns of the 4 seccesive.
Themes rural or pastoral in nature.
The origins of Georgian literature date to the 4th century, when the Georgian people were converted to Christianity and a Georgian alphabet was developed. -
Ralph Hodgson
It published his collection The Mystery (1913). Hodgson received the Edmond de Polignac Prize in 1914 -
Rupert Brooke
English poet, a wellborn, gifted, handsome youth whose early death in World War I contributed to his idealized image in the interwar period. His best-known work is the sonnet sequence 1914. -
Modern period ( 1914)
The modern period applies to works written after the start of world war I.
The period saw an abrupt break away from the old ways of interacting with the world. In all the previous periods experimentation and individualism were highly discouraged but With the onset of the modern period both these things became virtues. common features include bold experimentation with subjects matter style and forms encompassing narrative, verse and drama. -
James Joyce
others
James Joyce: Ulysses (1922) and Finnegans Wake (1939).
Aldous Huxley: 1936 novel Eyeless in Gaza,
Josep conrand: The novels Lord Jim (1900), Nostromo (1904), -
H.G wells
English journalist sociologist and historian:
The time machine
The war of the worlds -
Virginia Woolf
In 1925, Woolf received rave reviews for Mrs. Dalloway, her fourth novel. in 1919, and that same year Virginia published Night and Day -
Dorothy Richarson
Dorothy Richarson: Pointed Roofs, 1915; Backwater, 1916; Honeycomb, 1917; The Tunnel, 1919; Interim, 1919; Deadlock, 1921; Revolving Lights, 1923; The Trap, 1925; Oberland, 1927; Dawn’s Left Hand, 1931; Clear Horizon, 1935; the last part, Dimple Hill.
Graham green: Stamboul Train (1932)
Wilfred Owens: Hydra, a journal he edited in 1917 -
William Butler
His early accomplishments include The Wanderings of Oisin and Other Poems (1889) and such plays as The Countess Cathleen (1892) and Deirdre (1907). In 1923, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. -
Dylan Thomas
Dylan Thomas: Year's Poetry
Robert Graves: His more than 120 books also include a notable historical novel, I, Claudius (1934); an autobiographical classic of World War I, Good-Bye to All That.
William Empson: Seven Types of Ambiguity: A Study of Its Effects on English Verse. -
Edward Marsh
Marsh edited The Collected Poems of Rupert Brooke (1918) and Georgian Poetry (1912–22), a five-volume anthology of modern poetry. He translated the French poet Jean de La Fontaine’s Fables (1931) and The Odes of Horace (1941) -
The postmodern period 1945
The postmodern period begings about the time that world war II. It is a form of literature that is characterized by the use of metafiction, unreliable narration, self-reflexivity, intertextuality, and which often thematizes both historical and political issues. -
Joseph Heller
Joseph Heller: The Atlantic Monthly and two more in Esquire.
Antony Fowles
penelope Lively -
John Masefield
The best known works are the children's novels The Midnight Folk and The Box of Delights, and the poems The Everlasting Mercy and "Sea-Fever". -
Samuel Beckett
Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot.
Harold Pinter: as an English playwright, poet, screenwriter, director, actor who won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Literature.
Caryl Churchill: Her three earliest plays, Downstairs (produced 1958), Having a Wonderful Time (produced 1960), and Easy Death (produced 1962) -
The comtemporary period
The events that brought this era about were the realization of the holocaust and the power of the atomic bomb, the wars America had with Korea, Vietnam, and the USSR, and the Civil Rights Movement. "Postmodernism" signals works that were created after Modernism and were characterized by multiple qualities
