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In the past children didn’t have any rights. Their opinions didn’t matter and they were treated like animals.
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After WWI the impact on children were evident, so the adults started to think about the children as human beings; after a while they developed a rudimental declaration of children rights (declaration of Ginevra).
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The declaration of Ginevra was taken and divided in seven main points; with those points it was developed the ultimate declaration of children rights.
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In 1959 the general convention of the United Nations approved a new declaration of the rights of the child. This introduces the concept that a child must have rights and isn’t an object, and forbids the exploitation of minors.
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Poland presented the idea of a United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child that consisted in 10 legislative articles; 9 of them are procedural. This Convention is supposed to be binding for states.
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During “The Baby’s Year” in 1979, the Declaration of 1959 was promoted by celebrating its 20th anniversary and thereby prompted by drawing up a Convention on Children Rights
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Finally, on 20th November 1989, the convention of children’ rights was approved. United States didn’t endorse it. Switzerland ratified it late, in 1997. Nowadays, the convention of Children’s rights has been endorsed by all the states commit to protect and respect children as human beings. Sadly, in some states the situation is critical, so organisations like UNICEF must intervene to protect children.