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  Chapbooks were sold in the St. Paul's Churchyard by John Newbery. Chapbooks are crudely printed little books Battledores: folded sheets of cardboard covered with crude woodcuts of the alphabet or Bible Verses Hornbooks: small wooden paddles with lesson sheets tacked on with strips of brass and covered with a transparent sheet of cow's horn
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  England is seen to be the major source of literature
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  Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was written by Lewis Carroll. This book was to be reprinted in English speaking countries all over the world
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  These were written to give pleasure to children rather than teaching a lesson
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  Pinocchio was published
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  New technology helped lower publication costs
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  The first child labor laws were published
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  The U.S publishing house Macmillian launched a department devoted entirely to kids' book
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  Modern picture books are published
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  The John Newbery Award was established
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  Helen Dean Fish and Mary Massee became the first children's books editors
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  The Horn Book Magazine was published
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  Randolph Caldecott Award was established
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  Children's and adults literature became an important part of libraries, schools, homes, and publishing houses
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  The publication of Robust Renaissance was happening for the young adult literature
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  Parallel cultures were increasing in publications
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  Harriett Rohmer established children book press for diversity
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  Just Us books were established to address the lack of diversity
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  End of the 20th century more books were representing women/girls in non-traditional roles
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  The final decade of the 20th century inlcuded ethnic and balanced racial images
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  Michael L. Printz Award was established
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  Popular rise of graphic novels
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  The Geisel Award was established