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400 BCE
Aristotle explained the geocentric theory
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140 BCE
Ptolemy supported the geocentric theory
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1543
andreas vesalius published on the fabric of the human body - detailing dissection of human bodies
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1543
Nicolaus Copernicus reasoned the heliocentric theory
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Galileo developed the law of pendulum
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Francis Bacon published Novum Organum which encouraged the experimental method
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Johannes Kepler published the first two laws of planetary motion
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William Harvey showed that the heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body
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Thomas Hobbes published Leviathan-social contract (people give up rights to a strong ruler who maintains order)
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Galileo was put under house arrest by n inquisition for supporting Copernicus's theory
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Rene Descartes published discourse on Method which set forth his reasoning
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zacharias janssen invented the microscope
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Evangelista Torricelli developed the first mercury barometer
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Robert Boyle created Boyle's Law
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Isaac newton published his law of gravity
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Anton van leeuwenhoek saw red blood cells for the time
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John Locke explained his theory of ¨natural rights"(life,liberty,and property)
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Mary Astell wrote A Serious Proposal to the Ladies- addressing the lack of educational opportunities for women
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Marie-Thérésé Geoffrin held her first salon of philosophers
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Francois marie arouet changed his names to Voltaire and goes on to champion individual freedoms
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Gabreil Fahrenheit made the first thermometer to use mercury in glass(32 degree= freezing,212 degree = boiling)
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The enlightened despot, Joseph II , began his rule of Austria
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anders celsius create a scale for mercury thermometer(o degree= freezing, 100 degree= boiling)
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Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen
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Montesquieu published On the Spirit of Laws- detaling separation of powers in government
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Emilie du chatelet (A Mathematician and physicist) translated Newton's work from Latin into french
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Denis Diderot published the first volume of the Encyclopedia- a collection of enlightened thinkers works
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The Baroque Period began in art,music,and architecture(Bach and Handel were composers)
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Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote The Social Contract- free individual create a society and government
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The enlightened despot, Catherine the Great, began his rule of Russia
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cesare beccaria published on Crime and Punishments- railing against common abuses of justice
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Antoine Lavoisier discovered and named gas oxygen
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Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence
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The enlightened despot, Frederick II , began his rule of Prussia
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The U.S. enacted the Constitution- establishing a federal system, separation of powers,checks and balances
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The U.S. congress added the Bill of Rights(first 10 amendments) to the constitution
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Mary Wollstonecraft wrote A vindication of the Rights of Women- promoting women's education as virtuous
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Edward Jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent small pox
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The classical Period began in art,music, and architecture( haydn,Mozart, and Beethoven were composers)
