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The Protestant Reformation led to challenges between the Protestants and the church when the Protestants accused the church of lack of tradition and corruption creating multiple sects, tension, and arguments.
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Luther saw the corruption in the church and tried to put an end to it. He made a list of reasons how the church was corrupt called the 95 theses which he posted on the door of the church in Wittenberg. This was the first public act of reformation.
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A debate made to discuss Martin Luther's teachings and was conducted in the presence of George the Duke of Saxony. The debate was originally between Johann Eck and Andreas Karlstadt, but Eck later invited Luther to join in the debate. There was a joint verdict on the on the outcome of the debate, but no decision was ever truly reached that affected the debate.
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The trial of Martin Luther, held in Worms, Germany before Charles V, was to determine the fate of Luther. Luther fled before a verdict was reached, Frederick III, ensured Luther's safety and sent him to Wartburg Castle.
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Multiple wars over religion broke out over Europe. There was one in the Holy Roman Empire between Lutherans and Catholics. Then a war between French Calvanists and Catholics started between two families. These lasted until the Treaty of Augsburg was created.