Bilingual Education Milestones

By chelsey.bell

  • Meyer v. Nebraska

    States were given the power to determine the language instruction of their students in public school. Parents still have the right to control what language their student learns outside of public schooling as it pertains to after-school programs and heritage weekend classes.

  • Farrington v. Tokushige

    This case references Meyer v. Nebreska in which states develop their own curriculum and regulate language uses for public schools.

  • Brown v. Board of Education

    Ruled racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional. This also requires public schools to provide English Language learners with an equal education opportunities.

  • The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)

    Federal funds given to school districts that serve low-income students to improve educational equity. This act is a commitment to provide a meaningful education to all students no matter their race, gender, language, disability, or socioeconomic status.
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    Title VII under Bilingual Education Act

    Highlighted the benefits of bilingualism and having bilingual programs in which assists English Language learners reach proficiency in English. Title VII provides schools with funding for their bilingual programs.

  • Equal Education Opportunities Act (EEOA)

    This act requires states to give all students that are enrolled in a public school an equal education regardless of race, color, sex, or natural origin. This required schools to break barriers and take action to reach all student's educational goals. This case upheld Lau v. Nichols.

  • Lau v. Nichols

    Required public schools that receive government funding to provide English Language Learners valid access to English language instruction and content. From this came Lau Remedies.

  • Castaneda v. Pickard

    Created the Castaneda Standard; 3-prong test measuring the adequacy of schools' English Language Learner programs and if schools are taking appropriate action to address needs of the English Language Learners.

  • Plyer v. Doe

    Declared it is unconstitutional to deny undocumented students education under the statue of Amendment 14. Requires all schools provide English Language instruction and content to all students no matter documentation status.

  • Gomez v. Illinois State Board of Education

    Declared school districts are required and responsible to give valid English Language instruction to all students. Also, to not allow children to be fully immersed in English Language setting without adequate supports.

  • California Proposition 227

    Changed the way that Limited English Proficient students were taught. Students were fully immersed in the English language ultimately to either "sink or swim" after only one year of English Language classes.

  • Flores v. Arizona

    Found that Arizona was violating the Equal Education Opportunity Act by not giving the adequate amount of funds needed to properly assist the English Language programs.

  • Arizona Proposition 203

    Limited the type of English Language instruction that English Language learners receive. The proposition replaced bilingual programs and instead placed students in fully immersed English programs.
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    No Child Left Behind (NCLB)

    Required school districts to be held accountable for student achievement through rigorous standardized tests. Also required visible growth for English Language Learners proficiency in English through end-of-year tests.

  • MA Question 2

    Stated that all public school students were to be taught English by being fully immersed and taught all subjects in English.

  • Elementary Secondary Education Act Flexibility

    This act allows schools to tailor their educational goals and English Langauge standards and standardized tests, regrading Title I accountability, to better fit the needs of their various cultures of students.

  • Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

    Every Student Succeeds Act is a renewal of the commitment of Elementary Secondary Education Act and holds public schools that receive federal funding accountable. Requires schools to prodive state standardized test scores and ensure that all students are reaching standard goals.