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Social Darwinism
the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform. -
Frances Willard
Abandoned promising career as an educator to the less promising life of a mover and shaker in the Temperance Movement. Aimed to curb or eliminate alcohol consumption in the country. She worked without compensation for a number of years, using her lecture fees to make a living. She became the corresponding secretary of the Chicago Woman`s Christian Temperance Union. -
Tin Pan Alley
the nickname was given to the street where many music publishers worked during the period of 1880 to 1953. Located At the corner of 5th Avenue and 28th Streets, New York ca. 1900. the name came from a newspaper writer named Monroe Rosenfeld who while staying in New York, coined the term to symbolize the cacophony of the many pianos being pounded in publisher's demo rooms which he characterized as sounding as though hundreds of people were pounding on tin pans. -
William Jennings Bryan
In 1894 he led Nebraska’s Democrats to support the state Populist party. During the Spanish-American War, Bryan served as a colonel in a Nebraska regiment, but after the war, he condemned McKinley’s Philippine policy as imperialism. Nominated again by the Democrats in 1900, Bryan hoped to make the election a referendum on imperialism, but other issues intervened, including his own insistence on free silver and attacks on monopolies. -
Clarence Darrow
A lawyer who moved to Chicago 1887, one of his biggest cases was freeing the anarchists of the Haymarket riot. Also defended Eugene V. Debs, arrested on a federal charge arising from the Pullman Strike. -
Eleanor Roosevelt
The wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, riter and humanitarian. Married in 1905, wworked and was politically invovled after her husband suffered from polio. After her husband's deth she was appointed Harry tumans delegate to the United Nations General Assembly. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford created the Ford Model T car in 1908 and went on to develop the assembly line mode of production, which revolutionized the industry. As a result, Ford sold millions of cars and became a world-famous company head. The company lost its market dominance but had a lasting impact on other technological development. -
The Great Migration
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1910 and 1970. The moved north to try to get a better life but in fact they suffered just as much north as they did in the south. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Studied law at Columbia University and started working as a clerk in a law firm on wall street. Got into politics 1910, winning state senate as a democrat in a heavily republican county. 1930, reelected governor and front-runner for the democratic presidential nomination. -
Marcus Garvey
Spoke for the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements, to which end he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. Founded the Universal Negro improvement association in 1910, with a goal of uniting all of the African diasporas to "establish a country and absolute government of their own." -
Federal Reserve System
Central bank of the USA, created by the congress to provide nation with safer, more flexible financial systems. Was created December 23,1913, after president Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act into law. -
Prohibition
The ratification of the 18th amendment (January 16, 1919), stating that banning the manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors–ushered and several temperance movements kickstarted prohibition. The federal and local government struggled to enforce Prohibition over the course of the 1920s. -
1st red scare(1920s)
A nationwide fear of communist socialists, anarchist and other people who were seemingly against the "American dream." Grabbing the American psyche in 1919 following a string of anarchist bombings, striking fear inAmericans -
Warren G. Harding's "return to normalcy"
United States presidential candidate Warren G. Harding's campaign promise in the election of 1920. Promised that America would return to the way is was prior to the first world war. Harding's promise was to return the United States prewar mentality, without the thought of war tainting the minds of the American people. -
Jazz music
Throughout the 1920s, jazz music evolved into an integral part of American popular culture. The "primitive" jazz sound that had originated in New Orleans diversified, and appealed to people from every class of society. The effect of jazz music upon society can be depicted from the different aspects of popular culture. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
Secretary of the Interior (Albert Fall) leased government land in California and at Teapot Dome, Wyoming to 2 oil executives- Fall became the first Cabinet official to be sent to prison -
Langston Hughes
Hughes was a writer, musican, and poet of the early 20s. He won his very first prize for his poem "The weary blues" in Opportunity magazine and in the same year received a scholarship to attend Lincon university in Pennsylvania. His work got the attention of critics at lincoln and throughout his career helps write several lyrics in the broadway play, Street Scene. -
Scopes Monkey Trials
Began in Dayton, Tennesse. The "Monkey Trials" begins with John Thomas Scopes, a high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law. The law stated that “teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals." -
Charles A. Lindbergh
On May 20, 1927, Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in Long island, New York. The plane he was flying on, a monoplane, called the spirit of Saint Louis. His goal was to be the first person to fly across the Atlantic ocean by themselves, landing in Paris, France. -
Stock Market Crash "Black Tuesday"
Most devastating Stock market crash in the history of America. The crash led to Great Depression, one of the worst events in American history. It happened as a result of lack of clear banking practices to protect investments. -
The Great Depression
Followed the stock market crash of October 1929, Ended1939.One of the most devastating events in western civilization history. consumer spending and investment dropped, causing steep declines in industrial output and rising levels of unemployment as failing companies laid off workers. -
Harlem Renaissance
Culture, arts and social explosion that took place in Harlem during the 1930s. A lot of the literature focusing on a portrayal of black life, conservative black critics feared that the depiction of ghetto realism would impede the cause of racial equality. -
20th Amendment
Passed by congress March 2, 1932, Ratified January 23, 1933. "The terms of the President and the Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin." -
Dorothea Lange
During the great depression, Lange photographed people of the great depression along with their stories. Started to study to become a teacher and settle into an unhappy life in which she did not want to live but changed her focus in the 1920s when she traveled to Dixon to photograph native Americans. With the depression well underway Lange decided to document the people who were struggling to live along with their stories. -
The New Deal
Franklin D. Roosevelt acted swiftly to try and stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief to those who were suffering. Over the next eight years, the government instituted a series of experimental projects and programs, known collectively as the New Deal, that aimed to restore some measure of dignity and prosperity to many Americans. More than that, Roosevelt’s New Deal permanently changed the federal government’s relationship to the U.S. populace. -
Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA)
A federally owned corporation created May 18, 1933. Provided navigation, electricity, flood control, electricity generation, and economic development to Tennessee Valley. It was made to help Tennessee valley, which was hard hit by the great depression to recover. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FCIC)
Created under authority of the Banking Act of 1933. Was created in response to the thousands of bank failures that occurred in the 1920s and early 1930s. -
21st amendment
signed December 3,1933 This amendment ratified the 18 amendment(After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all the territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.) -
"Relief, Recovery, Reform"
Relief: Giving direct aid to reduce the suffering of the poor and the unemployed.
Recovery: Recovery of the economy. Creating jobs and helping businesses grow by restarting the flow of consumer demand.
Reform: Reform of the financial system to ease the economic crisis and introducing permanent programs to avoid another depression and insuring against future economic disasters. -
Dust bowl
Also known as the dirt thirties, it was a series of severe dust storm that severiliy damaged the agriculture and ecology. occured as a result of severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion (the Aeolian processes) caused the phenomenon. -
Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)
Founded June 6,1934 as apart of the new deal act. Designed to restore investor confidence in our capital markets by providing investors and the markets with more reliable information and clear rules of honest dealing. Required public corporations to register their stock sales and distribution and make regular financial disclosures. -
Social Security Administration (SSA)
President Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act, August 14, 1935. funded by payroll tax , provided elderly pension. Many of the federal and state programs that provide income security to U.S. families have their roots in the Social Security Act (the Act) of 1935. This Act provided for unemployment insurance, old-age insurance, and means-tested welfare programs.
