Australian History By lochlan.findlay@education.nsw.gov.au 1604 Enclosureacts began in Britain 1760 steamed powered machinery was invented, industrial revolution began 1770 Captain James Cook charts the east coast in his ship 1775 convicts stopped being sent over seas to America 1785 house of commons decided NSW was suitable as a peenal colony. 1786 Captain Aurther Phillip was chosen to lead the first fleet. 1787 The first fleet left on the 13th of May 1788 Arthur Phillip was governor of the peenal colony 1790 two more fleets arrived 1800 huge growth in population, povetty 1810 Governor Lachlan Macgurie arrived, Construction of roads and buildings began 1901 federation was created 1911 australian split into 6 colonies