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The first europeans to soil to Australia were the Dutch (Netherlands) but they didn´t settle there. -
Captain James cook saild around Australia and he named the area "New South Wales" -
The British government decided to establish a penal colony in Australia. The First Fleet set sail from Portsmouth, England, carrying convicts, marines, and officials. British prisioners settle in Australia. -
The population of the colony had increased, partly due to the arrival of more convicts. Farming improved, leading to greater self-sufficiency.
By 1832, Australia had become a more established colony, with a growing population of both convicts and free settlers. -
The expansion of European settlers into Aboriginal lands led to more frequent and violent conflicts. One of the bloodiest conflicts during this period was the Black War in Tasmania, where the colonial government declared martial law to suppress resistance from the Indigenous population. -
Britain created boundaries in its Australian colonies to manage governance, allocate land to settlers, and establish local political entities. These boundaries aimed to prevent conflicts between colonies and were often drawn based on exploration. -
Separation was an official government policy which lasted for many decades. The policy sought to separate Indigenous Australians from the broader European-Australian society. -
The Commonwealth of Australia was established. Serves as the national government for the country, distinct from the individual state governments -
The Australian government began to implement policies aimed at improving the social and economic conditions of Indigenous Australians. This included greater investment in health, education, and land rights initiatives. -
The referendum held to determine whether Australia should become a republic and replace the British monarch with an Australian head of state.
With approximately 56% of voters opting to retain the monarchy, while 44% supported the republic.