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Empedocles was Greek philosopher who theorized that there were 5 elements. Fire, Earth, Water, Ether, and Air.
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Democritus was also a Greek philosopher who is famous today for creating a Atomic theory. The theory stated that everything is made of atoms.
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Aristotle was one the most famous Greek philosophers exist. When the atomic theory was created he did not believe it and instead taught everyone that everything was made earth, water, fire, and air. It took thousands of years for this to be disproved.
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John Dalton was an English chemist. He is famous for proposing the modern atomic theory. Some of the main points of his theory were that elements were made of tiny things called atoms and atoms of the same element are identical.
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JJ Thomson was an English Physicist. He is famous for creating the Plum Pudding model which one of the first models of the atom. He is also famous for discovering electrons as negatively charged subatomic particles.
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He made the Theory of Relativity, which in turn allowed him to calculate the speed of molecules.
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Made a more advanced model of an atom.
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Discovered the Neutron