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Chinese Immigration Begins
The first major wave of Chinese immigrants arrived during the California Gold Rush It sparked the beginning of large-scale Asian immigration to the U.S., but also led to anti-Chinese sentiment. Key players were Chinese laborers, U.S. gold prospectors, and state officials. date: 1848-1855 -
Chinese Exclusion Act
First federal law to ban immigration based on race/nationality. Severely restricted Chinese assimilation and set a precedent for racial exclusion in U.S. policy. Key Players were U.S. Congress, Chinese immigrants. -
Gentlemen's Agreement
Informal agreement between the U.S. and Japan to limit Japanese labor immigration. slowed Japanese immigration and contributed to discriminatory housing and employment practices. Key players were President Theodore Roosevelt and the Japanese government. -
Immigration Act of 1924
The law severely restricted immigration from Asia. It reinforced white supremacy in immigration law and prevented Asian families from reuniting or assimilating. Key players were U.S. lawmakers and Asian immigrant communities. -
Japanese Internment During WWII
Over 120,000 Japanese Americans forcibly relocated to internment camps. Undermined assimilation by labeling citizens as threats based on ethnicity. Key Players were Japanese American citizens and President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Date: 1942-1945 -
Luce-Celler Act
Allowed immigration and naturalization for Filipino and Indian nationals. Marked a small step toward inclusion and citizenship rights for Asian Americans. Key players were the U.S. Congress, Indian, and Filipino immigrants. -
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
Ended racial quotas and opened the door to more Asian immigration. Led to a significant increase in Asian populations and greater cultural influence in the U.S. Key players were President Lyndon B. Johnson and the U.S. Congress. -
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Rise of the "Model Minority" Myth
The media began portraying Asian Americans as successful, obedient minorities. Masked systemic discrimination created pressure to conform without addressing real challenges. Key players were the Mainstream media, sociologists, and policymakers. -
Vincent Chin's Murder
Chinese American beaten to death in a racially motivated attack. Sparked a civil rights movement among Asian Americans demanding justice and visibility. Key players were Vincent Chin, Ronald Ebens, Michael Nitz, and Asian American advocacy groups. -
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Anti-Asian Hate During COVID-19 Pandemic
Surge in hate crimes against Asian Americans amid pandemic fears and political rhetoric. Highlighted ongoing racism and the fragility of assimilation despite decades of contribution. Key players were Asian American communities, Stop AAPI Hate, and U.S. lawmakers.