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Allies
The Allies were countirs that were against the Axis Powers during WW2. United States: FDR
Great Britain: Winston Churchill
USSR: Joseph Stalin
France: Charles de Gaulle -
20th Amendment
This amendment moved the beginning and ending of terms of the President and Vice President from March 4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. -
Four Elections of FDR
On March 4, 1933, FDR began his first term as the President of the United States. He created the New Deal (a variety of programs relief, recovery, and reform.
Second term, 1937-1941
During this term, he created acts such as the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, which created minimum wage.
Third Term, 1940-1945
This term was dominated by WW2
Fourth Term, 1945
During this last term, he traveled to countries such as Egypt and Ethiopia to tie bonds with their rulers. He passed away on April 12, 1945 -
21st Amendment
This amendment repealed the 18th Amendment, which banned alcohol in the Unites States. -
Axis powers
The Axis Powers were countries that were against the Allied Powers during WW2. Germany: Adolf Hitler
Italy: Benito Mussolini
Japan: Emperor Hirohito -
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Often called the "father of the atomic bomb," Robert led the development of the first nuclear weapon during WW11. -
Tuskegee Airmen
The first African American military aviators in teh United States armed forces. During the WW11, African Americans were still separated, however thee men displayed the true potential of a dedicated official despite the discrimination among them. -
Role of Women During the War
As the men left the houses, women began to step up as the head. 350,000 served in teh US Armed Forces. Some worked in factories where they built cars, made food, war supplies, and clothing. -
Rationing
During WW11, civilians were adviced to cut back on their food in order to save for the soldiers. -
Lend Lease Act
A program under which the US supplied Great Britain, the USSR, France, China, and other Allied nations with materials. -
A. Philip Randolph's Planned march on Washington/ FDR'sResponse
The march to Washington Movement was organized by A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin. THey wanted to pressure the government to desegregate teh arm force and to provide fair working opportunities for working African Americans. FDR signed the Executive Order 8802, right before the march began, which was the beginning of the first Fair Employment Practices Committee. -
Atlantic Charter
A pivotal policy statement that defined the Allied goals for the post-war world. -
Cash and Carry
A policy requested by FDR at a special session of the US Congress on September 21, 1939. It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1939. this allowed the sake of material to belligerents, as long as the recipients arranges for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash, assuming all risk in transportation. -
Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor
On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, knocking out the main American battle fleet. 4 battleships sunk
3 battleships damaged
1 battleship grounded
159 aircraft damaged
2403 killed
1178 wounded -
Congressional Vote/ Declaration of War
A declaration of war is a formal declaration issued by a national government indicating that a state of war exists between that nation and another.
On December 8, 1941, FDR and the United States declared a war against Japan. Jeannette Rankin, the first female congresswoman, protested against the entry of the United States into WW11. -
General Douglas MacArthur
As an American general and field marshal of teh Philippine Army, General MacArthur played a crucial role in the Pacific Theater. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines Campaign. -
General Dwight D. Eisenhower
After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Eisenhower was assigned to the General Staff in Washington. There he was responsibile for creating th emajor was plans to defeat Jaon and Germany. Later, he was promoted in charge of D-Day. -
WW11 Propaganda (3)
Key symbolic figures such as "Rosie the Riveter" and "Mrs. Casey Jones" appeared in posters across the country representing strong women who supported their husbands in the war effort. Due to all the propaganda targeting female wartime duties, the number of women working jumped 15% from 1941 to 1943. -
Manhattan Project
A research project that produced the first atomic bombs led by Major General Leslie Groves from 1942-1946. It was called the "Manhattan" Project due to the district that it was made in, Manhattan District. -
Executive Order 9066
A United States presidential executive order signed and issued by FDR, authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones. Eventually, EO 9066 paved the way for the deportation of Japanese Americans aka Nisei (names given to those of Japanese descendants born in another country) to internment camps. -
Navajo Code Talkers
A group of Navajo Indians created an oral code that teh enemy (Japan) was able to comprehend to transmit secret communication for the US Marines after the the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. -
WW11 Propaganda (2)
Most of the entertainment aimed at soldiers was heavy on sentiment and nostalgia, to help sustain morale. most media, the girl next door was often used as the symbol of all things American.Betty Grable characterized it as women giving soldiers something to fight for,but one soldier wrote to her saying that her pin-up photographs told them, in the midst of fighting, what they were fighting for. -
WW11 Propaganda (4)
The government encouraged people to plant vegetable gardens to help prevent food shortages. Magazines such as Saturday Evening Post and Life printed articles supporting it, while women's magazines included directions for planting -
Battle of Midway
Considered one of the most decisive battles of WW2, this battle destroyed Japan's naval strength when Americans destroyed four of its aircrafts carriers. Japan's navy never recovered from its loss at Midway and it was in the defensive after this battle. -
Battle of Guadalcanal
This battle was over who should capture Guadalcanal. If teh Japanese cature the island, they could cut off the sea route between Australia and America. If teh Americans controlled the island, they would be ablt to protect Australia better. Eventually, the Americans captured the island. -
Plan Orange (Island Hopping)
“Island Hopping” is the phrase given to the strategy employed by the United States to gain military bases and secure the many small islands in the Pacific - led by General Douglas MacArthur, Commander of the Allied forces in the South west Pacific, and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander-in-chief of the Pacific fleet. -
WW11 Propaganda (1)
Posters were used to portray and support the Filipino resistance forces, which, while often listed as one of the greatest organized resistances in history, also exacted a terrible toll on the Filipino people. -
Operation Overlord
Supreme Commander of Allied Expeditionary Forces, Dwight D. Eisenhower, gave the go ahead for a massive invasion of Europe at Normandy, France. -
D-Day
America now has feet on the ground in the European theater of war. This was the initial storming of Normandy which aimed to eject Germany from France. The initial American invasion from the beaches was led by General Eisenhower who was successful after much struggling to secure the beach. -
Battle of Leyte Gulf
Generally considered to be the largest naval battle of WW2, this battle was fought near the Phi;ippine islands of Leyte, Samar between the US and Australian forces and the imperial Japaneses Navy. On October 20, the US trops invaded the island of Leyte as part of a strategy aimed at isolating Japan from the countries it had occupied in Southeast Asia. The IJN tried toattack back, but failed. -
Iwo Jima
The United States needed to base close to the coast of Japna. Iwo Jima was the best place, however, the Japanese were already there. The battle began as the two groups fired at each other from dugouts and other places. Eventually, the Americans took over. -
Firebombing of Tokyo (General Curtis LeMay)
On March 9, 1945, the US dropped 2000 tons of bombs on Tokyo over 48 hours. 80, 000-130000 Japanese civilians were killed. General Curtis LeMay was the Air Force chief of Staff. -
The Battle of Okinawa
The Battle of Okinawa has been called the largest sea-land-air battle in history and was the last battle of the Pacific War. -
Truman Becomes President
After the death of FDR, Truman took presidency. Under Truman, the US concluded WW2, however, tensions with the Soviet Union increased, marking the start of the Cold War. -
VE-Day/ Fall of Berlin
Victory in Europe Day was celebrated by both Great Britain and the United States where cities in both nations, as well as formerly occupied cities in Western Europe, put out flags and banners, rejoicing in the defeat of the Nazi war machine. -
Hiroshima
The Enola Bay, an American bomber plane dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, killing 140,000 from the radiation and also the impact. This bomb was dropped in the belief that it might conclude the war sooner than it would if the bomb is not dropped and also it would save more lifes. -
Nagasaki
Bombed on August 9, 1945, only three days after the initial bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, the destruction of Nagasaki led to Japan's surrender by Emperor Hirohito. -
22nd Amendment
This amendment placed limits on the terms of presidency. -
Nuremberg Trials
A series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces after WW11, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany.
