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Palmer Raids, as they were called. Where thousands of Americans not born in the United States were arrested and hundreds were sent back to their home countries.
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Over 70 blacks were lynched in this year. The South's violence against the blacks intensified.
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"Winesburg, Ohio", written by Sherwood Anderson, was published. It was considered "another novel of alienation in small-town America."
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The Jazz Age is defined as a time that emphasized more relaxed social attitudes. Best example is of Fitzgerald's "The Great Gatsby".
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The Harlem Renaissance was a black literacy and cultural movement that produced many works depicting the role of blacks in contemporary American society.
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The Advertising Age is another name for the 1920's, consumers were persuaded to have the latest appliances or vehicles in order to live the "good life".
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Governor Cox and hus running mate, Franklin D. Roosevelt, won 61% of the nationl vote. He said it was time to pull back from "schemes" to change the world.
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Sign-ups for the Universal Negro Improvement Association began. Lead by Marcus Garvey, he proposed to lead them to Africa to start a new empire and get away from the violence in America. The plan failed.
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Heroes of the 1920's included baseball star Babe Ruth, boxer Jack Dempsey, and moviestars Rudolph Valentino, Charlie Chaplin, Clara Bow, and Mary Pickford.
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Many advertisers used women as sex objects (flappers) which made women lose their respected position as moral leaders of the family.
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The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement to celebrate the black culture.
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H.L. Mencken was a journalist who called Americans "ignorant mobs" and had no respect to the "booboisie" as he called the middle class.
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The Washington Conference took place. Diplomats of the United States, Japan, China, the Netherlands, Belgium, Portugal, France, Great Britain, and Italy met "to discuss the possible elimination of further naval development and affairs in China and the rest of Asia."
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The Emergency Quota Act was passed. It limited immigration to 3% of the number of people each country had living in the United States in 1910.
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The National Origins Act took the number of immigrants from each country in 1890 and stated that immigration from those countries could now be no more than 2% of that.
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Statistics were published that said the industrial workers were making nearly double what they had made 10 years early. This dissproved the Socialists' prediction that the plight of workers was getting worse.
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Statistics from 1924 stated that 95% of Kansas citizens were following the Prohibition Law, which is close to 5% of New York State.
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The Scopes Trial was a trial of teacher John Scopes for teaching evolution. The teachings of Darwin were compared to that of the Bible.
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The assembly line was put to work and a Model T was being produced every 24 seconds at the Ford plants.
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The Ku Klux Klan had 5 million members. The membership was not entirely from the South. The Klan's "enemies" also included Catholics and immigrants.
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"The Man Nobody Knows" written by Bruce Barton was a novel that characterized Christ as a businessman.
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During the Scopes Trial, William Jennings Bryan, who was viewed as an "expert on the Bible", discredited the entire cause of creationism saying he didn't believe every statement in the Bible.
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"The Great Gatsby", written my F. Scott Fitzgerald, was published. It was based on the Jazz Age.
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Charles Lindbergh is idolized after becoming the first person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.
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By 1928, nearly 65% of all automobiles were purchased on credit.
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Coolidge announced that he chose no to run in the election of 1928.
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Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler controlled nearly 85% of all auto.
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Hoover was inaugurated. He promised throughout his campaign that "the Republican goal was to wipe out poverty once adn for all."
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"A Farewell to Arms", written by Ernest Hemingway, was published. It portrayed his deep unhappiness with American values.
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The crash was followed by bank failures, factory closings, and widespread unemployment.
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Many gangsters used this time for bootlegging alcohol which got them into the world of organized crime.
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Hoover believed that "voluntary action by business and labor interests could pull America out of its economic doldrums."
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The Dust Bowl was the name given to the regions of Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Texas due to the severe drought and poor farming that came from huge dust storms.
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The New Deal Coalition was a political coalition created by Roosevelt that kept the Democratic Party in power until the 60's. It consisted of workers, voters in the South, labor unions, and blacks.
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The Scottsboro boys were nine black men who were accused of raping two white women on a train. Their defense was organized by the American Communist party.
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Franklin Roosevelt was elected with the promise of a "New Deal" for the American people.
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During Roosevelt's first 100 days in office, he put effort into restoring confidence in the banks, to stabiliz prices, and give young people work through the Civilian Conservation Corps.
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It was estimated that by this year, 5,000 banks fell, with the life savings of millions of Americans.
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The National Industry Recovery Act required owners and labor unions in many industries to agree upon hours, wages, and prices.
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The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was a federal agency that was established in the first 100 days of the New Deal to try and halt the panic of the banks closing.
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The Agricultural Adjustment Administration was created to attempt to stop the decline in farm prices by paying farmers not to produce certain crops.
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The Tennessee Valley Authority was an agency created during the New Deal to oversee construction of dams for providing electricity and for flood control.
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The 1934 midterm congressional elections showed that most Americans favored FDR's policies, even though in 1935, 20% of Americans were still out of work.
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The Works Progress Administration was a New Deal program that employed almost 8 million Americans. Some projects of the WPA included building schools and roads.
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The Revenue Act of 1935 increased the tax rate for those making over $50,000. This was very unfavored by the American Liberty League, a group of several influential business figures.
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During the Second New Deal, the Social Security Act was put in place to provide a safety net for the Americans in need.
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The Resettlement Administration offered loans to small farmers who faced foreclosure.
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The Wagner Act was a piece of the New Deal legislation that protected the rights of the workers to let them form unions and utilize collective bargaining.
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By this time, nearly 60% of all the farms in the regions listed were either ruined or abandoned. Many of the farmers moved west to look for jobs.
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Rock 'n' roll replaced jazz as the "devil's music".
