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Henry Ford's Assembly Line
Saved a lot of time and effort and made it much easier in a manufacturing company also helping save money -
The Great Migration
African Americans fled to the North looking for jobs, freedom & economic opportunities -
Prohibition
Nationwide constitutional ban production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages -
19th Amendment
Women are allowed to vote -
Marcus Garvey
Most popular Black nationalist leader of the early-20th century, and founder of the United Negro Improvement Association -
Langston Hughes
African-American poet, novelist, and playwright and is considered one of America's greatest poets (most famous poem, Harlem (Dream Deferred) -
Zora Hurston
African-American writer, best known for the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God & one of the leading figures of the Harlem Renaissance -
Emergence of the Flapper
fashionable young woman intent on enjoying herself and flouting conventional standards of behavior -
Fundamentalism
Revival of Christian faith- disagreed with the teaching of Darwin's evolution in school- caused KKK- believed in the LITERAL translation of the Bible -
Modernism
Believed in Scope's Monkey trial (Darwin's evolution theory) and teaching it in schools -
Louis Armstrong
Most popular trumpet player during the Harlem Renaissance and "advocate" of the Jazz Age -
Rising Electricity/ Technology
Increased use of oil and electricity increased economic growth- by 1930, oil accounts for 23% of U.S. energy -
Taylor's Time-and-Motion studies
Principals of science that helped manage the growing economic productivity and it helped improve mass production -
Rise in Advertisements
Helped businesses and companies sell their product and helped increase the growth of the economy -
Harlem Renaissance
Through 1930's- was an African American cultural (musical, arts, literature) movement centered in around Harlem, NY- Blues, Jazz -
Margret Sanger
Huge birth control advocate, established American Birth Control League- believed society could not evolve without family planning -
Election of 1924
R- Calvin Coolidge (won)
D- John Davis
***The unhappy liberals created a new Progressive party with the candidate, Robert La Follette -
Immigration Act
(John-Reed Act) Signed by Coolidge- limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota -
Calvin Coolidge
President- signed the Indian Citizenship Act, Immigration Act, did not support KKK (succeeded Harding and his policies) -
1st Winter Olympics
Took place in Chamonix and Haute-Savoie, France -
The Great Gatsby
Published in April by F. Scott Fitzgerald -
The Sun Also Rises
Published in October by Ernest Hemingway -
Premiere of The General
Buster Keaton's comedy classic considered to be the greatest silent film ever made -
Premiere of The Jazz Singer
First "talking" motion picture by Al Jolson -
Election of 1928
D- Alfred Smith
R- Herbert Hoover (Won)
~Hoover promised to extend the "Coolidge Prosperity" -
Kellogg-Briand Pact
62 nations agreed "to condemn recourse war for the solution of international controversies, and renounce it as an instrument of national policy" -
Mickey Mouse
Walt Disney's Steamboat Willie premieres, introducing a new animated character -
Black Tuesday
Worst stock market crash in America- Investors willing to sell shares for pennies on the dollar & holding on to worthless certificates -
The Jazz Age
Jazz became a popular style of music, brought North by African American musicians, loved by young adults symbolizing "rebellion" to their elders -
Great Depression
The economic crisis and period of low business activity in the u.s. and other countries ending around 1939 -
Wall Street Crash
Value of companies were falling while share price continued to rise, people began to panic and sold their shares lower than what they had bought them for -
Herbert Hoover
Great Depression during presidency- Believed in limited role of government and that excessive federal intervention threatened capitalism and individualism (he wanted to help people) -
Hoover's Economic Policies
~Expanded the Federal Farm Board
~Encouraged businesses not to cut wages or lay off workers (to maintain individual purchasing power, but this failed)
~Increased gov involvement in agriculture, federal spending, international trade, immigration and wage and tax policy
~Balanced federal budget -
Hoover's Domestic Policies
~Federal prison reform: granted rights to prisoners and provided for extensive training of prison employees
~Reorganization of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to protect Native Americans from exploitation
~Increase in public works projects to combat poverty and unemployment -
The Dust Bowl
(AKA: Dirty Thirties) Lasting about 6 years, a severe drought came over the Great Plains causing crop failure -
Farmer's Migration
farmers migrate westward in search of farm or factory work after the Dust Bowl drought destroyed their crops and put them out of business- the AAA was placed soon after -
The Three R's
Roosevelt's speech, Relief for people out of work- Recovery for business & the economy as a whole- Reform for American economic institutions -
21st Amendment
Repealed the Prohibition -
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
Boosted agricultural prices by offering government subsidies to farmers to reduce output -
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Employed young, single men at federally funded jobs on government lands -
Emergency Banking Relief Act (EBRA)
Authorized the Treasury Department to inspect and close banks to to restore public confidence in banks -
Public Works Administration (PWA)
Provided money to states to create jobs for the unemployed -
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Built and repaired dams and other projects in the Tennessee Valley to create prosperity -
The National Recovery Act (NRA)
Boost businesses’ profits and workers’ wages by establishing industry-by-industry codes that set prices and wages, as well as guaranteeing workers the right to organize into unions -
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Guaranteed individuals that money they deposited in a bank would be repaid to them by the federal government -
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
Allowed important federal government oversight and regulation to the stock market -
Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
Gave federal grants to states that funded salaries for government workers as well as local soup kitchens and other direct-aid to the poor programs -
Wagner Labor Relations Act (WLRA)
Guaranteed workers the right to form unions and bargain collectively -
The Social Security Act (SSA)
Required workers and employers to contribute (payroll tax) to the Social Security trust fund which makes monthly payments to retirees over the age of 65 -
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Designed to provide relief for the unemployed by providing jobs and income for millions of Americans -
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Mandated a 40-hour work week (with time-and-a-half for overtime), set an hourly minimum wage, and restricted child labor
