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Chief Pontiac leads a revolt against colonists. In response, Parliament passes the Proc. of 1763 stating that no colonists may settle west of the Appalachian Mountains "for their safety."
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Treaty of Paris ends the Great War for Empire (French and Indian War/7 Years' War), but England keeps troops located in the colonies.
The war left England with MASSIVE war debts in need of paying... -
Parliament passes the Sugar and Currency Acts. The Sugar Act nearly wiped out trade with French West Indies.
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Parliament passes the hugely controversial Stamp Act. This inspires the Stamp Act Congress in NYC. The Sons of Liberty begin to violently protest. This also inspires the first American boycott of British goods.
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The Quartering Act states that all colonists must provide housing for British troops in the colonies.
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Parliament repeals the Stamp Act, but it passes the Declaratory Act, basically establishing its control over the colonies.
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The Townshend Act imposes taxes on paper, paint, glass, and tea. Revenue Act undermines colonial autonomy, and Restraining Act further asserts Parliamentary dominance after NY's refusal to abide by Quartering Act by dissolving the NY assembly
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The second American boycott begins and women begin to take an important role by spinning cloth in the colonies.
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Parliament repeals the Townshend Act but keeps tax on tea intact.
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Notes from class to further explain.
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C. of Coresp. form to keep communication active throughout the colonies and to pass Patriot information.
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A group from the Sons of Liberty board a ship disguised as Native Americans and dump thousands of dollars worth of tea into the Harbor.
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(Intolerable Acts) close Boston Harbor, annulled MA charter and banned local town meetings, Quartering Act demands barracks to be built for British troops, and Justice Act allows capital crimes to be transferred to other colonies or England
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First Continental Congress forms in response to Intolerable Acts in Philadelphia. Send Declaration of Rights and Grievances to Parliament, but are denied and branded an illegal body. A third boycott begins, but Loyalists also begin to organize.
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British troops are met by militiamen at Lexington and Concord and forced to turn around. "The shot heard 'round the world" begins violence of Revolution.
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2nd Cont Congress meets to organize an army for war.
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Promises freedom to all slaves and indentured servants who fight for the Loyalist cause.
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Published a pamphlet that became known throughout all the colonies in support of independence. Became a major factor in gaining support for Patriotism.
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Declaration of Independence in signed and ligitimized. The colonies will fight for independence.
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Howe heads British forces. Washington heads American forces. American forces are dwarfed in size, experience, leadership, and skill. Howe quickly pushes on the offensive side.
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Articles of Confederation are passed as a plan of government for the new nation.
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Howe occupies Philadelphia, forcing Congress to flee inland.
American victory at Saratoga is inspiring. -
The mass printing of paper money from everyone causes aweful inflation.
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America finds a friend in France! French support will provide military and economic support. Yay!
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The British attack the South, and capture Savanna, GA. Fighting continues in GA. Sir Henry Clinton seizes Charleston.
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Washington, with assistance from Rochambeau and some French naval forces, surround Cornwallis at Yorktown and force a meaningful surrender. This inspires the final ratification of the Articles of Confederation!
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Treaty of Paris officially ends war and finalizes American victory.
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Congress establishes ordinances in regard to the creation of new states and division of new lands.
Biggest one: Northwest Ordinance of 1787 -
Shay leads a rebellion against MA legislatures refusal to enact debtor-relief laws.
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The Articles aren't working, so let's revise them. Oh, wait! Just kidding! We're actually just gonna write a brand new system of government and call it the Constitution.
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John Jay, Madison, and Hamilton write the Federalist papers, convincing the states that a stronger central government is needed. It prompts 11 states to ratify.
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Judiciary Act establishes lower courts in each state and district courts.
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Hamilton passes through Congress an economic system for the new nation.
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Bill of Rights is passed. The 10 amendments protect individuals' rights.
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Hamilton passes the bank through Congress on a 20 year charter.
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A state is created from land in Virginia territory. It is the first new state established under the Constitution, so it solidifies the statehood process for all future states.
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Madison and Jefferson form the Republican Party out of the Anti-Federalists
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Washington declares US neutrality in the war between Britain and France
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Western PA revolts, and Washington sends troops to calm the situation. This establishes that the President (Executive Branch) has authority to enforce all laws made by Congress, and that the President can control domestic policy.
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Jay's treaty (very pro-British) proves that a Federalist government will give Federalist policies.
Pinckney acquires Florida? -
Another state is created from lands in North Carolina.
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The election of Adams over Jefferson provides another Federalist government.
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Cuts off trade with France.
Alien, Sedition, and Naturalization Acts promote very Federalist views. -
"Revolution of 1800" proves that the new nation can peacefully and successfully shift power from one political party to another when Thomas Jefferson is elected into office as a strong Republican supporter.