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Stagflation
Term referring to the simultaneous occurrence of low employment growth and high inflation in the national economy. The phenomenon characterized the economic troubles of the 1970s and posed both an intellectual challenge to economists and policymaking challenge to government officials. -
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The “oil shocks” of the 1970s
Taught Americans that they could never again have a policy of economic isolation. In the past foreign trade had was only 10% of GNP. By century’s end, 27 % of GNP depended on foreign trade. Americans would have to master foreign languages and study foreign cultures if they wanted to prosper. Carter's legislative proposals for energy conservation in 1977 ignited a blaze of indifference among the American people, who had already forgotten the long gasoline lines of 1973. -
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The New Right
Term for a loose network of conservative political activists and organizations that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s. More populist in tone than previous generations of conservatives, the New Right emphasized hot-button cultural issues like abortion, busing, and prayer in school. They also espoused a nationalist foreign policy outlook that rejected détente and international treaties.
People: Ronald Reagan, Barry Goldwater, ERA -
Reed v. Reed (1971)
The Supreme Court ruled for the first time in Reed v. Reed that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited differential treatment based on sex. -
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Watergate scandals
Series of scandals that resulted in President Richard Nixon's resignation in August 1974 amid calls for his impeachment. The episode sprang from a failed burglary attempt at Democratic party headquarters in Washington's Watergate Hotel during the 1972 election. -
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Equal rights Amendment
In 1972 Congress passed Title IX of the Education Amendments, prohibiting sex discrimination in any public programs. To create opportunities for women’s athletics at schools and colleges, the “Title IX generation” would help professionalize women’s sports. It said, “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied...on account of sex.” Prez Nixon & Ford both endorsed it. Still, antifeminist activists organized state-level efforts to stop it. The ERA died in 1982 three states short. -
"smoking gun" tape
Recoding made in the Oval Office in June 1972 that proved conclusively that Nixon knew about the Watergate break-in and endeavored to cover it up. Led to a complete breakdown in congressional support for Nixon after the Supreme Court ordered he hand the tape to investigation. -
Frontiero v. Richardson (1973),
Supreme Court case which decided that benefits given by the United States military to the family of service members cannot be given out differently because of sex. -
Roe v. Wade (1973),
the landmark case of Roe v. Wade (1973), the Court struck down laws prohibiting abortion, arguing that a woman’s decision to terminate a pregnancy was protected by the constitutional right of privacy. -
Milliken v. Bradley (1974)
The Supreme Court blindsided school integrationists when it ruled that desegregation plans could not require students to move across school-district lines. It effectively exempted suburban districts from shouldering any part of the burden of desegregating inner-city schools, thereby reinforcing “white flight” from cities to suburbs. All the problems of desegregation were now pitting the poorest, most disadvantaged elements of the white and black communities against one another. -
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Garald Ford's Presidency
A long-serving congressman from MI, he was appointed vice president when Spiro Agnew resigned in the fall of 1973. He succeeded to the presidency upon Nixon's resignation in August 1974 and focused his brief administration on containing inflation and reviving public faith in the presidency. He was defeated narrowly by Jimmy Carter in 1976. -
End of Vietnam war
U.S. widthdrew troops in 1973 when the north and the south were at a standstill and without US support South Vietnam could not pull their weight. -
Milton Friedman won Nobel pice prise 1976
(1912-2006) A Nobel Prize-winning economist who helped to spearhead the public revival of pro-free-market thought in the later twentieth century. His neoclassical critique of Keynesian economics made him one of the most influential practitioners in his field. His popular writings on markets, democracy, and the dangers of big government, meanwhile, made him an intellectual giant of American conservatism. -
Peace at Summer CAMP
Carter invited President Anwar Sadat of Egypt and Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel to a summit conference at Camp David, the woodsy presidential retreat in the Maryland highlands. Skillfully serving as go-between, Carter persuaded the two visitors to sign an accord of which Israel agreed in principle to withdraw from territory conquered in the 1967 war, and Egypt in return promised to respect Israel’s borders. -
“tax revolt” in California and other states in 1978
The most politically explosive aspect of the new antigovernment politics centered on taxes. A “tax revolt” in California and other states in 1978 soon snowballed into a revolutionary new tax-cutting agenda for the conservative movement nationwide—one that rewrote the script of American politics in the following decade. -
United States v. Wheeler (1978)
The Supreme Court declared that Indian tribes possessed a “unique and limited” sovereignty, subject to the will of Congress but not to individual states. -
U.S. is $40 billion dollars in debt from oil.
The soaring bill for imported oil plunged America’s balance of payments deeply into the red (an unprecedented $40 billion in 1978). -
The Soviets' invasion of Afghanistan
The Soviets' invasion of Afghanistan thrusted at the oil jugular of the Gulf. President Carter embargo on: export grain and high-technology machinery to the USSR and a boycott of the upcoming Olympic Games @Moscow. He proposed the creation of a “Rapid Deployment Force” to quickly respond to crises in faraway places (including women). The president said the United States would protect the Persian Gulf against USSR. The USSR army has a decade-long guerrilla war (“Russia’s Vietnam”) -
The U.S. resumed full diplomatic relations with China
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malaise speech
National address by Jimmy Carter in July 1979 in which he chided American materialism and urged a communal spirit in the face of economic hardships. Although Carter intended the speech to improve both public morale and his standing as a leader, it had the opposite effect and was widely perceived as a political disaster for the embattled president. In response to the second oil crisis. -
SALT II Treaty
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty agreement between Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev and American president Jimmy Carter. Despite an accord to limit weapons between the two leaders, the agreement was ultimately scuttled in the U.S. Senate following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979. On November 4, 1979, a mob of passionately anti-American Muslim militants stormed the United States embassy in Tehran, Iran, and took all of its occupants hostage. -
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Iranian hostage crisis
The American embassy workers were held captive by Iranian revolutionaries. The Iranian revolution began in January 1979 when young Muslim fundamentalists overthrew the oppressive regime of the American-backed shah, forcing him into exile.These revolutionaries cut off Iranian oil. Revolutionaries demanded that the United States return the shah to Iran for trial. It damaged relations between the two countries, the hostages' were releases the day Ronald Reagan became president. -
The inflation rate was over 13%
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U.S. Gave up control of the Panama Canal