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A philosopher from India, this man was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain. He practiced passive resistance, civil disobedience, and boycotts to generate social and political change.
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Indian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan. A lawyer by training, he joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913. As the leader of the League from the 1920s on, he negotiated with the British/INC for Muslim Political Rights
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A political party in India established in the late nineteenth century. It was the party of Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. After India achieved independence from Britain in 1947, it dominated India's politics for two decades.
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Indian statesman and leader with Gandhi in the struggle for home rule
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was a Kenyan anti-colonial activist and politician who governed Kenya as its Prime Minister from 1963 to 1964 and then as its first President from 1964 to 1978
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A Shiite religious leader of Iran led the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran and ordered the invasion of the US Embassy.
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statement of British support for "the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people."
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Nelson Mandela is born, one of the greatest leaders in our modern day. He ends apartheid and racial segregation in South Africa.
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Nonviolent, independence movement led by Kwame Nkrumah, who would become the first prime minister and president of Ghana, having led it to independence from Britain in 1957.
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The Indian Independence movement was a nonviolent act of rebelling against the British colonizers who had control of India. Led by Mohandas Ghandi.
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Leader of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, who terrorized the people of Cambodia throughout the 1970s
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Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba.
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passive resistance campaign of Mohandas Gandhi where many Indians protested the British tax on salt by marching to the sea to make their own salt
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Nelson Mandela joins the African National Congress to help end racial injustices and the policy of Apartheid in South Africa.
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political group that led the movement calling for a separate Muslim nation to be created at the time of the partition of British India.
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India is partitioned, or divided into parts in order to separate the religions of Hindus and Muslims.
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umbrella political organization claiming to represent the world's Palestinians—those Arabs, and their descendants, who lived in mandated Palestine before the creation there of the State of Israel in 1948.
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Apartheid was a policy put in place by white colonizers in South Africa. It implemented racial segregation into the country and created chaos. This racial segregation and discrimination lasted for 46 years before Mandela strove for change.
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was a war in the British Kenya Colony that had Kenyan factions fighting British colonial rule
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the revolution led by Fidel Castro and a small band of guerrilla fighters against a corrupt dictatorship in Cuba
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a conflict between France and Algerian independence movements, which led to Algeria gaining its independence from France
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A nonviolent movement led by Patrice Lumumba to gain independence from Belgian colonizers.
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PAC led a campaign of blacks to surrender themselves for arrest which led to small clashes and then the police firing, killing and wounding many.
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Patrice Lumumba is assassinated by a firing squad under Belgian command. He died on January 17, 1661
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Mandela is sentenced to prison in 1962 for treason. He is not released until 1990 after spending 27 years in prison for acting as the leader of resistance to apartheid and segregation.
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A violent movement to gain independence. The war pitted the Cambodian monarchy, and later the Cambodian Republic, and its allies, including the United States, against the Cambodian communists.
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a brief war that was the third of the Arab-Israeli wars. Israel's decisive victory included the capture of the Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, West Bank, Old City of Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights; the status of these territories subsequently became a major point of contention in the Arab-Israeli conflict.
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communist party in Cambodia that imposed a reign of terror on Cambodian citizens
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Declared all Africans were citizens of “homelands,” rather than of South Africa itself—a step toward the government’s ultimate goal of having no African citizens of South Africa. Eight million Africans lost their South African citizenship.
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a revolution against the Shah of Iran led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, which resulted in Iran becoming an Islamic republic with Khomeini as its leader
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Nelson Mandela becomes the first black president of South Africa, ending the time period of apartheid and racial segregation.