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1035
William became duke of Normandy
In 1035 William became duke of Normandy after the death of his father Robert I. -
Sep 28, 1066
William landed in England
William landed in England at Pevensey with thousands of troops
and cavalry -
Oct 13, 1066
Harold arrived near Hastings with his army.
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Oct 14, 1066
Battle of Hastings
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Oct 14, 1066
William won the battle and Harold died.
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Dec 25, 1066
William was crowned
On Christmas day, he was crowned the first Norman king of England and the
Anglo-saxon phase of English history came to an end. -
1337
The hundred year’s war started
The hundred year’s war started because of a series of conflicts by the house
of Plantagenet (England) against the house of Valois (France) -
1342
Geoffrey Chaucer born c. 1342/43 in England.
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1387
Geoffrey Chaucer, contributed importantly to the management of public affairs
In the second half of the 14th century Geoffrey Chaucer, contributed importantly to
the management of public affairs as courtier, diplomat, and civil servant. -
1400
Geoffrey Chaucer writes “The canterbury tales”
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1401
“The great vowel shift”
XV century- all the long vowels gradually came to be pronounced with a greater
elevation of the tongue and closing of the mouth and “The great vowel shift” took
further place -
1450
Johannes Gutenberg invented a movable type of printing
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Oct 19, 1453
The hundred year’s war ended
On 19th October,1453 The hundred year’s war ended when Bordeaux surrendered,
leaving Calais as the last English possession in France -
1500
Renaissance begins (1500-1650)
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1501
the Inkhorn terms
XVI Everyone wrote without a regulatory organization and the Inkhorn terms were
hardly criticized. -
1502
Modern languages faced three problems
16th century. Modern languages faced three problems: Recognition of the fields
where Latin had been supreme for centuries, the establishment of a more uniform
orthography, the enrichment of the vocabulary so that it would be adequate to meet
the demands that would be made upon its under use. -
1558
Thomas Smith published the “ABC for children”
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1564
Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon
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1568
Thomas Smith because of the impact of his last book, publishes “Dialogue concerning the correct and emended writing of the English"
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1580
William Bullokar publishes “The Amendment of Ortographie por English Speech”
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William Shakespeare outstands as a poet 1592-1597
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Shakespeare, as a playwright, published his most known plays.
From the end of the 16th century to 1611 -
Shakespeare died in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 23, 1616
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Language policy
Anxiety about a language policy reacted with a new urgency in the second half of the
17th century. -
John Walls publishes “Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae”
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Royal society tried to improve the English Language but failed
-
Proposals for an English Academy.
During the early part of the 17th century, and persisting in some form into the early
18th century, there were a number of proposals for an English Academy. -
Skepticism towards stablishing an academy.
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Search of stability
Search of stability, strong sense of order, value of regulation, they
venerated Greece and Rome, refined and fixed the English Language -
Aims of the XVIII century grammarians:
To codify the principles of the language, to
settle disputed points and decide cases of dividing usage, to point out common errors
to improve the language. -
Kensigton Practical grammar of the English tongue
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Samuel Johnson publishes “A dictionary of the English language”
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Thomas Sheridan publish British Education.
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Joseph Priestley 1761 The rudiments of the English Grammar
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George Campbell 1766 Philosophy of Retoric.
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The expansion of the British empire (Africa XIX century)
