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Causes and effects of world war one and two
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Building of Alliance Systems
Countries within Europe made agreements with eachother that bonded them together for their own protection. Thus, if a country was attacked, allied countries were there to help defend and protect them. Before WW1, the main alliences were; Russia and Serbia, Germany and Austria-Hungary, France and Russia, (in fear of being over run by germany's growing power) Britain and France and Belgium, and last Japan and Britain. -
German Uboats
Uboats were small subersiable maned vehicles that were important weapons withing German strategy. They were often difficult to detect by allied ships and usally were very sucessful in sinking them. -
Growing MIlitarization
As the 20th century began, an arms race had begun. By 1914, Germany had the greatest increase in military industrialization. Great Britain and Germany both greatly increased their navies as well. In Germany and Russia particularly, the military establishment began to have a greater influence on public policy. This increase in militarism helped push the countries in an arms race. -
Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Franz Ferdinad was assassinated by Gavrilo Pirncip (member of the black hand) he shot Franz and his wife sophie when Franz was taking a drive. He was killed by Gavrilo Pirnip because Franz opposed the austria Hungary government. This was significant because Serbia and Hungary went to war but because of alliances this brought in Germany to fight for Austria-Hungary and Russia to fight for serbia. -
Trench Warfare
Trench warefare was the most common style or tactic of fightthing in WW1. it mainly composed of exactly what the name depicts; trenches. Large trenches were dug in the ground for soiliders to hide within because of the ne "machine gun" (which means old fighting styles were useless). But these trnches were often gross; they consited of diseased rats, mud and water and dead soilders. The trenches also made it very challenging for one army to advance upon the other. -
Bolshevik Revolution
The Bolsheviks were a revolutionary party that followed the ideas of Karl Marx. Their main goal was to gain power in Russia. The provisional government, the soviets, and economic troubles such as the food riots were some of the things that helped the Bolsheviks. They ended up taking over Kerensky in the November Revolution of 1917 while under the rule of Lenin. -
U.S. Entry Into War
The United States entered the war after the Germans sent a telegram to mexico telling the mexican army to invade the US. This made Presideny WIlson weary but when the sinking of the lusitainia happend (a public British shi[p caring many US passengers) this engraded the US enterting them into the world war. -
League of NAaions
The League of Nations was an attempt to make globa; peace.The basic concept of it was to solve political problems with words rather than wars. The league was based within Switzerland because they did not play any role in WW1, but soon enought the League began to fade awat but soon arose into the United Nations that we know today. -
Treaty of Versailles
This was a peace treaty that was fromed at the end of WW1. The deal was that because Germany had a large role in starting WW1 they were punished with an army reduction, the navy was taken away by the allied forces, they could no longer my war planes or tanks, and they had to pay for damge caused. This embaressed Germany. -
The Great Depression
After the Treaty of Versailles, Germany had a large economic colapes from the destroction bills, the U.S. on the other hand had a stock marcket crash leading them to pull loans from Europe, thus affecting Europe as Well. -
Rise of Facism
Facism began to appear on what we call the axis countries, (Germany, Italiy, and Japan). Although prevelent in all three the most noticable was Germany. Adolf Hitler was embarressed after the Treaty of Versailles so he tried to boost morale by basically saying how amazing and supreme the German nAtionality was. He did this to such an extent it became dangerous and predjudice. -
Rise of Stalin
Stalin gained complete cotrol of Russia in 1929, after a political war with trotsky over Lenins position. This allowed for a new Russia. -
Spanish Civil War
Mussolini and Hitler both sent many troops to Spain because Germany and Italy were allies and they both wanted to spread communism all through Spain. They didn’t want Spain to be a Soviet stronghold. The USSR supplied the Republicans with weapons to help fight off the Nationalists. The Nationalists won the war and Hitler became even more powerful across Europe. -
German expansion
After Hitlers Facism polocies, he began to "unite" the german peoples as one. He invades countries and quickly captured them. His plan was to make a German Empire of German Nationality, but soon he had captured six countires in 100 days. -
Invasion of Poland
Germany Had rapidly been taking over Europe, and uniting the german people. But when they invaded Poland Hitler had gone to far. He had just made the first move of WW2. This was different from the other invasions because unlike Austria, Poland had a very small percentage of people of German Nationality. And because of the Alliences this brought in France and Britian to help Poland; creating WW2 -
Evacuation of Dunkirk
The British Prime Minister, Churchill, wanted the allied troops from Calais and Dunkirk to evacuate. They hoped to save 50,000 people, but they ended up saving 300,000. Germany was scaring other countries and taking over at a rapid rate. With the German advances it was a good thing the allies got out. -
Fall of France
Germany Troops invaded Holland and fought the French, the French couldnt win so they went to recive aid, freeing France for Nazi attack. Quickly Hitler sent his troops to spread throught FRance and he controlled much of conetenetal Europe. -
Battle of Britain
A speech was given stating that the Battle of France was over, and the Battle of Britain was just beginning. Germany wanted Britain to lose power so Germany destroyed radar bases and airfields trying to force Britain to fight it’s battles in the air. Luftwaffe switched tactics under Hitler’s order because Britain could defend themselves. Germany then attacked the South Coast including London. Britian barley hung on and survived the British bombarment. -
Pearl Harbor
A U.S. naval base in the pacific fell suprise to an attack from the Japs and their airforce. The targeted Naval ships, aircraft and military bases. 2,043 Americans died in the bombings. This made the U.S. enter the second world war. -
Battle of Midway
The U.S.'s plan in WW2 was to island hop so eventrully they could get to the island of japan. During the battle of midway the U.S. defeated the Japs creating the first important victory for the the allies in the Pacific front. -
Battle of Stalingrad
This is considered the Russian’s greatest battle that they fought. By the Russians taking action and fighting well, the Germans were not able to invade Stalingrad during WWII. Stalingrad was an industrial city, making it a good target for Germany. Many Russian men died while trying to protect the city during this battle. Creating a major victory on the Eastern Front for the allies. -
Battle of Gaudalcanal
This was another important island battle. There nearly 36,000 Japs on the island and 44,000 American soliders. Out numbered and out fought the Japanese fled the island leaving another stepping stone for the U.S. in there island hoping plan. This was a keystone though because it allowed the Americans to finaly reach Japan. -
D-Day
Contenetal Europe was contolled by Nazi's, leading the allies to desperate measures. The U.S. mainly but with much help from england launched the largest amphibious attack ever, on Normandy's beaches. With Hitler's troops on top of the high points; the U.S. lauched paratroopers to attack giving the soliders invading from the beach a chance to get to cover. This was a huge turning point for the allies leading to many mor allied victories. -
Bombing of Tokyo
This is where the United States got their revenge on Japan for when Japan attacked pearl harbor. The United States attacked Tokyo, which is Japan’s most populated city. United States forces flew overhead and dropped firebombs on Tokyo. Houses and buildings went up in flames. 100,000 of the people that were killed actually died from the carbon monoxide in the air. The bombing done by the United States was an attempt to make the Japanese surrender. -
VE Day
VE Day, Victory in Europe day, was the end of Hitlers regien. After six years of destructions and chaos. This was a hugely celebrated event across the globe, even through its signifing the end of the war, some fighting continued in Russia against Germany. -
Bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
A United States bomber dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima. The bomb almost killed everyone in the city. It killed over 100,000 people. Then, three days later an atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Over 40,000 people died because of this second atomic bomb. Japan is still greatly affected by these bombings today with birth deffects. This was a factor taken in consideration by Trueman but he decidedending the war was more important. -
VJ Day
Similar VE Day, VJ Day is the victory in Japan or Pacific Day.Finally the Japanese had surrended to the Americans, the official document was signed on September 2nd.