A History of Artificial Intelligence

By lw6541

  • Karel Capek releases a Sci-Fi play "Rossum's Universal Robots"

    This play is the first known reference to the word "Robots."

  • Claude Shannon publishes "Programming a Computer for Playing Chess"

    This is the first article to discuss a chess-playing computer program.

  • Alan Turing publishes "Computing Machinery and Intelligence”

    This later turned into “The Turing Test” which was a way to measure machine intelligence.

  • John McCarthy coins the term "artificial intelligence"

    He based this on the hypothesis that "every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it."
  • The first industrial robot is used on a General Motors assembly line

    The first industrial robot is used on a General Motors assembly line

  • Joseph Weizenbaum creates ELIZA

    The first AI chatbot which was a “mock Rogerian psychotherapist.”
  • The first anthropomorphic robot is created

    The first anthropomorphic robot is created

    WABOT-1 was built in Japan and had moveable limbs, the ability to see, and was able to hold a conversation.
  • Star Wars is released

    Star Wars is released

    One of most notable instances of human-like robots in popular culture.
  • Period: to

    AI Winter

    Roger Schank and Marvin Minsky warn that soon interest and funding for artificial intelligence would diminish, this came true within a few years.

  • Richard Wallace develops A.L.I.C.E

    A.L.I.C.E was a chatbot that was inspired by ELIZA but included the use of a natural language sample collection.

  • Artificial intelligence surpasses humans at chess

    Deep Blue, an AI developed by IBM, was the first supercomputer that was able to been the current chess world champion, Garry Kasparov.

  • i-Robot releases the Roomba

  • 2004 NASA launches martian rovers Spirit and Opportunity

    2004 NASA launches martian rovers Spirit and Opportunity

    These rovers were developed to navigate Mars’ surface without intervention, with Opportunity still being operational until 2018.

  • Siri is released

    Siri was the first 'personal assistant' that functioned like an AI, this marks the beginning of the average consumer having access to AI

  • Microsoft Releases Cortana

  • OpenAI is founded

  • OpenAI releases their first product

    OpenAI released their first open-source toolkit, this marks their entrance into the AI space, however the company would soon change their focus from video games to real-world, functional AI.
  • Google Home is released

    Google Home is released

    These past 4 personal assistants mark the advent of conversational AI into everyday life.

  • Open AI releases a paper titled “Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training”

    This paper laid out the framework for the infamous ChatGPT.

  • Open AI releases DALL-E

    DALL-E is able to generate original images based off of a user’s prompt.

  • Open AI releases GPT-3

    GPT-3 is the model of AI that ChatGPT utilizes, it was released to the pubic in November of last year.

  • OpenAI has recently released GPT-4

    GPT-4 is 40% less likely to be inaccurate than GPT-3, it is already being utilized in a number of apps like Duolingo. This is the current state of AI, there is still lots of development to happen and it is hard to imagine it slowing down.