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The U.S. Supreme Court began to apply the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the states.
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The Supreme Court gradually began using the due process clause to say that states could not abridge a right that the national government could not abridge.
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In a 1934 case, the Supreme Court ruled that freedom of religion provided for in the First Amendment had to be provided by all states.
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During the 1960s, the Supreme Court broadened its interpretations to limit state action in most areas in which national government action is limited.
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In a 1931 Supreme Court case, the Court ruled that the freedom of the press offered by the national Bill of Rightshad to be offered by every state as well.