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Mussolini's Early Years
Mussolini was part of the socialist party but later withdrew becuase of in-activity. -
The Fascist Party
After withdrawing from the socialist part, he formed his own party called the Fascisti. The goal of the Fascisti was to recover and maintain law and order. -
Paris Peace Conference
Italy did not get all the territory it had hoped for because of agreements with the other nations. Italy had left with disappointment and anger. -
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Italy - Coaltion Government
The coaltion government was unable to solve the problems Italy. Mussolini was unsatisfied with the coaltion and therefor took complete control. -
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Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI was the soverign of the state Vatican. -
D'Annunzio
D'Annunzio had an accident in which he fell out of a window causing him to be severly injured. The Duce felt that he needed to bribe D'Annunzio to stay out of politics. D'Annunzio remained and tried to convince Mussolini not to have a connection with Hitler. -
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March on Rome
Mussolini threatened to excersize his March on Rome where he would take control over the government. King Emmanuel III allowed him to create a coalition government. -
King Emmanuel III
King Emmanuel III did not want a civil war with Mussolini. he asked him to form a government in order to prevent conflict. -
The Matteotti Murder
Matteotti was the leader of the socialists. He was mudered by the Blackshirts 11 days after speaking against the facists. -
The Lateran Treaty
The Lateran Treaty was where Mussolini and the Catholic Church and come to an agreement.
The signing of the Treaty gave the Church:
-Control over the teachings of religion in schools
-Recognition of Catholicism as the state religion
-The right for the Pope to rule over the Vatican as his own state -
The Dollfuss Murder
The Chancellor of Austria, Engelbert Dollfuss was assassinated by Austrian Nazis in an attempted coup d’tat known as the July Putsch. -
The Stresa Front Agreement
The Stresa Front Agreement was made in the town of Stresa, Italy. It was a coalition between France, Britain, and Italy
Italy is formed to oppose Hitler’s intention of rearming Germany. -
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Invasion of Abyssinia
Italy invades Ethiopia (Abyssinia) -Ethiopia declares war on Italy
-Economic sanctions are imposed on Italy by the League of Nations
-Hoare-Laval Plan is leaked to the public and is dropped
-Ethiopia is defeated; Emperor Halie Salassie is forced to flee -
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North Africa
Italy fought in North Africa along with Germany against the Allies. With the victory of the Allies, it was the beginning of Italy's liberation. -
Mussolini's Removal From Power
-Allies advance towards Italy
-Mussolini is voted out of office and arrested -
September Rescue
-Mussolini is rescued by German paratroopers sent by Hitler
-Mussolini returns to power in the German-occupied part of Italy -
Capture and Subsequent Death of Mussolini
-Mussolini and his mistress Clara Pelacci are stopped by communist partisans while heading to Switzerland
-Both are executed by the commander of the communist partisans, Colonel Valerio (real name Walter Audisio)